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J Neurol Surg B Skull Base
DOI: 10.1055/a-2263-1881
Original Article

Primary Extracranial Meningiomas of the Sinonasal Tract: A Systematic Review

Xin L. Goh
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
,
Justin Rui Tzen Chee 
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
,
Alex C. Tham
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
› Author Affiliations
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Abstract

Background Primary extracranial meningiomas (PEMs) of the sinonasal tract with no intracranial extension are rare. Our study presents the largest systematic review to date, providing a comprehensive overview and comparison of the characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of PEMs, with comparison to primary intracranial meningiomas (PIMs).

Methods A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines on PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar up to November 1, 2022. A total of 70 documented cases from 64 articles were included. Data analysis was performed to compare low-grade (World Health Organization [WHO] Grade I) and high-grade (Grade II, III) PEMs.

Results Majority of patients were symptomatic with nasal symptoms (72.1%), followed by eye symptoms (41.2%) and facial swellings (41.2%). The nasal cavity was the most commonly affected site (70.0%). Most tumors were WHO Grade 1 (87.5%) with meningothelial histological subtype. PEMs have a predilection for involvement of surrounding structures, with more than half reporting erosion of sinonasal walls or orbital involvement (64.3%). Despite so, PEMs have a favorable prognosis, with high survival rates (95.3%) and low rate of recurrence (8.5%). Mainstay of treatment is surgical resection (98.6%). A total of 69/70 cases (98.6%) underwent surgical resection.

Conclusions There are no clear defining clinical features of PEMs; hence, it is imperative for clinicians to prioritize histological diagnosis to guide further management. A conclusive diagnosis of PEMs, i.e., exclusion of PIMs, requires imaging and potential intraoperative assessment. Its prognosis is likely dependent on both WHO grading and the ability to achieve complete surgical extirpation. Endoscopic resection is recommended even in high-grade PEMs for localized and resectable disease. Radiotherapy may be reserved for unresectable or recurrent tumors as salvage therapy.

Keywords

paranasal sinuses - meningioma - head and neck neoplasm

Previous Presentation

This study was presented as an oral presentation in the 29th Congress of the European Rhinologic Society in Bulgaria, 2023.


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 30 November 2023

Accepted: 04 February 2024

Accepted Manuscript online:
07 February 2024

Article published online:
08 March 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Stuttgart · New York

 

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