Abstract
This paper focuses on the relationship between the microstructure and tensile properties of Fe–Mn–Al–C low-density high-strength steel processes by hot-rolling and air-cooling process. The microstructure analysis reveals that the combination of hot-rolling and air-cooling results in the formation of heterogeneous structures comprising different-sized γ and B2 phases in the low-density steel with the addition of nickel (Ni). The addition of Ni promotes the formation of the B2 phase and induces the pinning of B2 phase particles at the γ grain boundaries. This pinning effect effectively hinders the growth of the γ grains, leading to grain refinement. The tensile test results demonstrate that LDS-5Ni (low-density steel, LDS) exhibits excellent high strength and ductility combination, e.g., a tensile strength of 1535 MPa, yield strength of 1482 MPa, and elongation of 23.3%. These remarkable mechanical properties are primarily attributed to the combined strengthening contributions of grain refinement and duplex nano-sized second-phase precipitation hardening.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
Data will be made available on request.
References
S.S. Sohn, B.J. Lee, S. Lee, N.J. Kim, J.H. Kwak, Acta Mater. 61, 5050 (2013)
B. Mishra, R. Sarkar, V. Singh, A. Mukhopadhyay, R.T. Mathew, V. Madhu, M.J.N.V. Prasad, Materialia 20, 101198 (2021)
I. Gutierrez-Urrutia, D. Raabe, Acta Mater. 60, 5791 (2012)
S.H. Kim, H. Kim, N.J. Kim, Nature 518, 77 (2015)
O.A. Zambrano, J. Mater. Sci. 53, 14003 (2018)
X.X. Geng, J.H. Gao, Y.H. Huang, S.Z. Wang, Y. Zhang, G.L. Wu, H.T. Zhao, H.H. Wu, X.P. Mao, Acta Mater. 252, 118925 (2023)
L.L. Wei, G.H. Hui, J. Kim, R.D.K. Misra, C.G. Yang, X.J. Jin, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 838, 142829 (2022)
H. Ding, D. Han, J. Zhang, Z.H. Cai, Z.Q. Wu, M.H. Cai, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 652, 69 (2016)
E. Welsch, D. Ponge, S.M. HafezHaghighat, S. Sandlöbes, P. Choi, M. Herbig, S. Zaefferer, D. Raabe, Acta Mater. 116, 188 (2016)
D. Suh, N.J. Kim, Scr. Mater. 68, 337 (2013)
R. Rana, JOM 66, 1730 (2014)
J. Hu, X.Y. Li, Q.W. Meng, L.Y. Wang, Y.Z. Li, W. Xu, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 855, 143904 (2022)
S.P. Chen, R. Rana, A. Haldar, R.K. Ray, Prog. Mater. Sci. 89, 345 (2017)
P. Ren, X.P. Chen, C.Y. Wang, F. Yu, W.Q. Cao, Acta Metall. Sin. 58, 771 (2022)
J.H. Hwang, T.T.T. Trang, O. Lee, G. Park, A. Zargaran, N.J. Kim, Acta Mater. 191, 1 (2020)
K. Choi, C.H. Seo, H.C. Lee, S.K. Kim, J.H. Kwak, K.G. Chin, K.T. Park, N.J. Kim, Scr. Mater. 63, 1028 (2010)
Z.W. Wang, W.J. Lu, H. Zhao, C.H. Liebscher, J.Y. He, D. Ponge, D. Raabe, Z.M. Li, Sci. Adv. 6, 9543 (2020)
M.X. Yang, F.P. Yuan, Q.G. Xie, Y.D. Wang, E. Ma, X.L. Wu, Acta Mater. 109, 213 (2016)
G. Park, C.H. Nam, A. Zargaran, N.J. Kim, Scr. Mater. 165, 68 (2019)
H. Kim, Scr. Mater. 160, 29 (2019)
Z.W. Wang, W.J. Lu, F.C. An, M. Song, D. Ponge, D. Raabe, Z.M. Li, Nat. Commun. 13, 3598 (2022)
S.R. Das, S. Shyamal, M. Jaskari, P.C. Chakraborti, L.P. Karjalainen, P. Sahu, Mater. Lett. 324, 132730 (2022)
X.Q. Rong, S.L. Liu, Y.S. Li, B. Hu, E. Masato, H. Guo, C.J. Shang, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 760, 47 (2019)
Y.C. Lin, Mater. Trans. JIM 39, 446 (1998)
J. Breuer, A. Grün, F. Sommer, E.J. Mittemeijer, Metall. Mater. Trans. B 32, 913 (2001)
I. Chumak, K.W. Richter, H. Ipser, J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 29, 300 (2008)
Y. Sutou, N. Kamiya, R. Umino, I. Ohnuma, K. Ishida, ISIJ Int. 50, 893 (2010)
A. Rahnama, H. Kotadia, S. Sridhar, Acta Mater. 132, 627 (2017)
Z.H. Cai, K.M. Zhang, S.Y. Jing, H. Ding, Mater. Sci. Technol. 35, 68 (2018)
Z.Y. Liang, Y.Z. Li, M.X. Huang, Scr. Mater. 112, 28 (2016)
W. Li, W.Z. Xu, X.D. Wang, Y.H. Rong, J. Alloys Compd. 474, 546 (2009)
C.G. Dunn, E.F. Kogh, Acta Metall. 5, 548 (1957)
M.A. Crimp, K.M. Vedula, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 165, 29 (1993)
A. Pineau, A.A. Benzerga, T. Pardoen, Acta Mater. 107, 424 (2016)
B. Mishra, V. Singh, R. Sarkar, A. Mukhopadhyay, K. Gopinath, V. Madhu, M.J.N.V. Prasad, Mater. Sci. Eng. A 842, 143095 (2022)
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding from the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program of China (No. 2021YFB3703500) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51771014).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors (excluding) declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Additional information
Available online at http://link.springer.com/journal/40195.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Jia, X., Gao, G., Gui, X. et al. Uncovering Microstructure–Property Relationship in Ni-Alloyed Fe–Mn–Al–C Low-Density Steel Treated by Hot-Rolling and Air-Cooling Process. Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.) 37, 713–725 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01666-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-024-01666-4