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Chimeric nanobody-decorated liposomes by self-assembly

Nature Nanotechnology (2024)Cite this article

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Abstract

Liposomes as drug vehicles have advantages, such as payload protection, tunable carrying capacity and improved biodistribution. However, due to the dysfunction of targeting moieties and payload loss during preparation, immunoliposomes have yet to be favoured in commercial manufacturing. Here we report a chemical modification-free biophysical approach for producing immunoliposomes in one step through the self-assembly of a chimeric nanobody (cNB) into liposome bilayers. cNB consists of a nanobody against human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), a flexible peptide linker and a hydrophobic single transmembrane domain. We determined that 64% of therapeutic compounds can be encapsulated into 100-nm liposomes, and up to 2,500 cNBs can be anchored on liposomal membranes without steric hindrance under facile conditions. Subsequently, we demonstrate that drug-loaded immunoliposomes increase cytotoxicity on HER2-overexpressing cancer cell lines by 10- to 20-fold, inhibit the growth of xenograft tumours by 3.4-fold and improve survival by more than twofold.

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Fig. 1: Schematic of immunoliposome preparation.
Fig. 2: Characterization of NB and engineered cNB.
Fig. 3: Characterization of biophysical properties of cNB-LPs.
Fig. 4: Tumour treatment in vitro and in vivo.

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Data availability

The authors declare that all data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and Supplementary Information files. Additional information and unique biological materials can be requested from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Custom code was not involved in this study.

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Acknowledgements

Y.W. thanks the support from National Cancer Institute R01CA230339 and R37CA255948. Y.L. is supported by NSF 2303648. The opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of any of the funding agencies. L.W. thanks the support from Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent QNRC2016054 and the Leading-Edge Technology Program of Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation BK20212012. S.H.C. thanks the support from office of the Direct, National Institutes of Health S10OD026822-01.

Author information

Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally: Md. Mofizur Rahman, Jing Wang, Guosheng Wang.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Pq Laboratory of BiomeDx/Rx, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA

    Md. Mofizur Rahman, Guosheng Wang, Yundi Chen, Chuandong Zhu, Lixue Wang & Yuan Wan

  2. Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Md. Mofizur Rahman

  3. Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

    Jing Wang

  4. Department of Oncology and Hematology, Yizheng Hospital of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Yizheng, China

    Jing Wang

  5. Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Guosheng Wang

  6. Nanjing Regenecore Biotech Co. Ltd., Nanjing, China

    Zhipeng Su, Jinguo Meng, Yao Yao & Lefei Wang

  7. Biophysics and Mathematical Biology Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA

    Yizeng Li

  8. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA

    Stephan Wilkens

  9. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, IL, USA

    Jifu Tan

  10. Department of Pharmacology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA

    Juntao Luo

  11. School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Binghamton University, Johnson City, NY, USA

    Tao Zhang

  12. Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China

    Chuandong Zhu & Lixue Wang

  13. Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

    Sung Hyun Cho

  14. Harvard Medical School, Harvard University; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    Luke P. Lee

  15. Department of Bioengineering, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA

    Luke P. Lee

  16. Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea

    Luke P. Lee

  17. Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea

    Luke P. Lee

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  1. Md. Mofizur Rahman
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Contributions

The project was designed by Y.W., Lixue W. and L.P.L. M.R., J.W., G.W., Z.S., Y.L., Y.C., J.M., Y.Y., Lefei W., S.W., J.T., J.L., T.Z., C.Z. and S.H.C. performed the experiments, collected and analysed the data. All authors contributed to the writing of the paper, discussed the results and implications, and edited the paper at all stages.

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Correspondence to Lixue Wang, Luke P. Lee or Yuan Wan.

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Nature Nanotechnology thanks Bruno Fonseca-Santos Ali Makky and the other, anonymous, reviewer(s) for their contribution to the peer review of this work.

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Source data for all plotted figures and unprocessed western blots.

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Rahman, M.M., Wang, J., Wang, G. et al. Chimeric nanobody-decorated liposomes by self-assembly. Nat. Nanotechnol. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-024-01620-6

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