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Mechanism underlying the rapid growth of Phalaenopsis equestris induced by 60Co-γ-ray irradiation

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Abstract

Gamma (γ)-ray irradiation is one of the important modern breeding methods. Gamma-ray irradiation can affect the growth rate and other characteristics of plants. Plant growth rate is crucial for plants. In horticultural crops, the growth rate of plants is closely related to the growth of leaves and flowering time, both of which have important ornamental value. In this study, 60Co-γ-ray was used to treat P. equestris plants. After irradiation, the plant's leaf growth rate increased, and sugar content and antioxidant enzyme activity increased. Therefore, we used RNA-seq technology to analyze the differential gene expression and pathways of control leaves and irradiated leaves. Through transcriptome analysis, we investigated the reasons for the rapid growth of P. equestris leaves after irradiation. In the analysis, genes related to cell wall relaxation and glucose metabolism showed differential expression. In addition, the expression level of genes encoding ROS scavenging enzyme synthesis regulatory genes increased after irradiation. We identified two genes related to P. equestris leaf growth using VIGS technology: PeNGA and PeEXPA10. The expression of PeEXPA10, a gene related to cell wall expansion, was down-regulated, cell wall expansion ability decreased, cell size decreased, and leaf growth rate slowed down. The TCP-NGATHA (NGA) molecular regulatory module plays a crucial role in cell proliferation. When the expression of the PeNGA gene decreases, the leaf growth rate increases, and the number of cells increases. After irradiation, PeNGA and PeEXPA10 affect the growth of P. equestris leaves by influencing cell proliferation and cell expansion, respectively. In addition, many genes in the plant hormone signaling pathway show differential expression after irradiation, indicating the crucial role of plant hormones in plant leaf growth. This provides a theoretical basis for future research on leaf development and biological breeding.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (grant 2018YFD1000400, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China); Ning xia Hui Autonomous Region key research and development program (2022BBF02041); Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources (17DZ2252700).

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  1. Donghui Peng

    Present address: Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Development Centre of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200234, China

    Yang Meng, Wei Li, Zihan Song, Guoren He & Feng Ming

  2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China

    Yang Meng, Wei Li, Zihan Song, Guoren He & Feng Ming

  3. Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Yunxiao Guan

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  1. Yang Meng
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Contributions

FM conceived the project and designed the study; YM and WL performed the experiments, analyze data and wrote the article; DP and GH provided technical assistance to YM and YG; WL, and ZS test the physiological indexes of the materials after irradiation; YM, YXG, FM and DP revised the article. All of the authors discussed the results and commented on the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Donghui Peng or Feng Ming.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Communicated by Bing Yang.

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Meng, Y., Li, W., Guan, Y. et al. Mechanism underlying the rapid growth of Phalaenopsis equestris induced by 60Co-γ-ray irradiation. Mol Genet Genomics 299, 13 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-024-02102-z

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