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Unveiling the Bioprospecting Efficacy and Textile Dyeing of a Novel Endophytic Mycobial Red Pigment

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Abstract

Natural pigments are becoming increasingly popular owing of their reliability. Microbial pigments provide an alternative to natural colours. A total of 24 fungal cultures were collected from leaf bits of Senna auriculata, with one strain (FNG1) producing an extracellular red orange pigment. Nigrospora oryzae was confirmed by using physical criteria and molecular phylogenetic study by using ITS and β- tubulin analysis. In EtOAc, the crude red pigment was the most soluble. The TLC analysis was used to partly purify the natural pigment. The partially purified fungal pigment was used in successive bioprospecting studies. The antimicrobial activity of the partially purified sample was assessed against eight human pathogens, with Leucobacter AA7 showing the largest zone of inhibition (200–500 µg/mL). The compound's DPPH scavenging activity enhanced from 38.2 to 67.9%, with an IC50 value of 34.195 ± 2.33 µg/mL. Cancer cells were suppressed by partly pure fungal pigment, but non-cancerous HEK 293 cells were unaffected. The GC–MS analysis was used to characterize the molecule present in the partly purified pigment. In addition, the cotton textiles have the greatest staining capability for crude mycobial pigment, which dyes quickly and has a negative cytotoxicity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Mr. S. Suresh Kumar, Fungal and Cancer Biology Lab, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, for his support for the work. The authors acknowledge “DST-PURSE and RUSA” Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India for the instrument facility. Also, the authors acknowledge King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for funding this research through Researchers Supporting Project No: RSPR2023/11.

Funding

This work was supported by grants from the RUSA” Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamilnadu, 625021, India

    Israel Mani, Myithili Thangavel, Akash Surendrababu, M. Joe Xavier Sneha & Mohan Pandi

  2. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box-2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Rajakrishnan Rajagopal & Ahmed Alfarhan

  3. Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illiniois, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA

    Nagendraprabhu Ponnuraj

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  1. Israel Mani
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  2. Myithili Thangavel
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  8. Mohan Pandi
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Contributions

IM: Investigation, methodology, conceptualization, writing—original draft & editing. MT: investigation, methodology, conceptualization, writing—review & editing. ASB: investigation and methodology. JXS, RR, AA, NP: Writing—review & editing. MP: Supervision, conceptualization, Writing—review & editing.

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Correspondence to Mohan Pandi.

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Mani, I., Thangavel, M., Surendrababu, A. et al. Unveiling the Bioprospecting Efficacy and Textile Dyeing of a Novel Endophytic Mycobial Red Pigment. Indian J Microbiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01211-y

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