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A New Strategy for the Synthesis of Highly Active Catalysts Based on g-C3N4 for Photocatalytic Production of Hydrogen under Visible Light

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Abstract

Materials based on graphite-like carbon nitride g‑C3N4 were synthesized by heat treatment of a mixture of melamine and urea, and the effect of synthesis conditions on the photocatalytic activity of the samples was studied at various melamine : urea ratios. Platinum (1 wt %) was deposited on the surface of the synthesized g‑C3N4 samples as a cocatalyst. The produced photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction analysis, diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopy, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption. Photocatalytic activity was determined in the reaction of hydrogen evolution from an aqueous solution of triethanolamine (10 vol %) upon irradiation with visible light (λ = 425 nm). Optimal conditions for the synthesis of the photocatalyst 1% Pt/g-C3N4 were found, which was obtained by calcination of a mixture of melamine and urea (1 : 3) and ensured an H2 evolution rate of 5.0 mmol g–1 h–1 at an apparent quantum efficiency of 2.5%. The developed synthetic approach produces highly active catalysts because, during the synthesis, an intermediate supramolecular complex melamine–cyanuric acid is formed, which, upon further heating, is converted into g-C3N4 characterized by a high specific surface area exceeding 100 m2 g–1.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank D.B. Vasil’chenko for recording diffuse reflectance spectra and A.B. Ayupov for studying the textural characteristics of photocatalysts.

Funding

This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 21-13-00314).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia

    K. O. Potapenko, S. V. Cherepanova & E. A. Kozlova

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  1. K. O. Potapenko
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  2. S. V. Cherepanova
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  3. E. A. Kozlova
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Correspondence to E. A. Kozlova.

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Dedicated to the Anniversary of Academician Irina Petrovna Beletskaya

Translated by V. Glyanchenko

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Potapenko, K.O., Cherepanova, S.V. & Kozlova, E.A. A New Strategy for the Synthesis of Highly Active Catalysts Based on g-C3N4 for Photocatalytic Production of Hydrogen under Visible Light. Dokl Phys Chem 513, 167–175 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0012501623700112

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