Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Study of effect of rotational axis configurations on the slosh dynamics of the ship-mounted tank under different combinations of rotational excitations

  • Original article
  • Published:
Journal of Marine Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In maritime transportation systems, the stability and structural integrity of ship-mounted tanks subjected to sloshing phenomenon are critical due to economic considerations and to ensure ecological safety. During the voyage, the ships are subjected to external excitations, which induce sloshing in fluid in partially filled tanks mounted on the ship’s deck. This article investigates the effect of rotational axis configurations on the slosh dynamics of a 24,000 TEU water tank mounted on an Ever-Ace container ship. Sloshing phenomena caused by different combinations of piecewise sinusoidal rotational excitations have been compared. The fluid domain was simulated using ANSYS Fluent, coupled with transient structural analysis in ANSYS Mechanical, to analyze the structural integrity of the container. The fluid pressure loads were imported on the tank structure using a one-way FSI approach. The numerical results have been validated with the experimental data available in the literature. It has been found that the effects of viscous sub-layer are insignificant on the slosh dynamics of the tank. Moreover, the transient response of the air–water interface, impact pressure, and wall moment have been presented. Wave fluctuation is observed to be small when the axis of rotation is perpendicular to the free surface. Maximum impact pressure of 7 kPa has been observed for combination of roll and pitch motions. The range of amplitude of moment is maximum for combination of roll and pitch motions that varies from − 95.6 to 92.3 kN m. Furthermore, the frequency of the moment differed from the excitation frequency depending on the configuration of the rotational axis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The data sets generated during the current study are not publicly available, as it is an ongoing project, but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

\({\theta }_{o}\) :

Amplitude of angular excitation (rad)

\(\theta\) :

Angular excitation (rad)

\(\rho\) :

Density (kg m−3)

\(\Gamma\) :

Effective diffusivity (m2 s−1)

\({\upomega }_{E}\) :

Excitation frequency (rad s−1)

\(\nu\) :

Kinematic viscosity (m2 s−1)

\(\alpha (t)\) :

Phase

\({\nabla \tau }_{t}\) :

Reynolds stress term (N m−2)

\(\omega\) :

Specific turbulent dissipation rate (m2 s−3)

\(\mu\) :

Turbulence dynamic viscosity (N m−2 s)

\({\sigma }_{k},{\sigma }_{\omega }\) :

Turbulent Prandtl numbers

\(a(t)\) :

Amplitude (rad)

\({F}_{1 },{F}_{2}\) :

Blending functions

\({D}_{\omega }\) :

Cross-diffusion term (kg m−3 s−1)

\({Y}_{k}\) :

Dissipation of TKE

\({Y}_{\omega }\) :

Dissipation of ω

\(\overrightarrow{g}\) :

Gravity (m s−2)

\(\dot{{m}_{pq}}\) :

Mass flow from phase p to phase q (kg s−1)

\(\dot{{m}_{qp}}\) :

Mass flow from phase q to phase p (kg s−1)

\(P\) :

Pressure (N m−2)

\({G}_{\omega }\) :

Production of ω

\(\widetilde{{G}_{k}}\) :

Production of turbulence kinetic energy

\({S}_{{\alpha }_{q}}\) :

Source term in VOF method

\({S}_{k},{S}_{\omega }\) :

User-defined source terms for k and ω

\(\mathop{V}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}\) :

Velocity vector (m s−1)

\({\text{CFD}}\) :

Computational fluid dynamics

\({\text{FEA}}\) :

Finite element analysis

\({\text{FSI}}\) :

Fluid–solid interface

\({\text{PISO}}\) :

Pressure implicit with splitting of operator

\({\text{PRESTO}}\) :

PRESsure Staggered Option

\({\text{SST}}\) :

Shear stress transport

\({\text{TKE}}\) :

Turbulence kinetic energy

\({\text{VOF}}\) :

Volume of fluid

References

  1. Bayramoğlu T, Korkmaz F, Bayramoğlu K (2021) The effect of baffle location on sloshing in the rectangular tank. In: Conference: 7th international congress on engineering architecture and design, Istanbul

  2. Dumitrache CL, Deleanu D (2020) Sloshing effect, fluid structure interaction analysis. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 916:012030. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/916/1/012030

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. E. E. Agency. EN15 Accidental oil spills from marine shipping. https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/en15-accidental-oil-spills-from/en15-accidental-oil-spills-from. Accessed 8 Feb 2023

  4. G. B. a. J. Allen (2021) ‘Catastrophic’ California oil spill kills fish, damages wetlands. Reuters (ed)

  5. Osage DA, Rodery CD, Pastor TP, Brown RG, Henry PA, Sowinski JC (2020) Section VIII: division 2–alternative rules. In: Online companion guide to the ASME boiler and pressure vessel codes: criteria and commentary on select aspects of the boiler & pressure vessel codes. ASME Press

  6. Cahill P. Ship’s stability miscalculation costs $200m. https://www.imarest.org/themarineprofessional/troublespot/6264-ship-s-stability-calculation-catastrophe-costs-200m. Accessed 12 Feb 2023

  7. Mark W (2018) Report on the investigation of the capsize and foundering of the fishing vessel Nancy Glen (TT100) with the loss of two lives, Scotland. http://www.gov.uk/maib. Accessed 12 Feb 2023

  8. International Code on Intact Stability, IMO (2009)

  9. Krata P (2014) A method of assessment of the liquid sloshing impact on ship transverse stability. TransNav Int J Mar Navig Saf Sea Transport 8:535–541. https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.08.04.07

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Fan X, Hu Z, Zheng X (2022) Research on influence of tank sloshing on ship motion response under different wavelengths. Appl Sci 12:8647. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12178647

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. He T, Feng D, Liu L, Wang X, Jiang H (2022) CFD simulation and experimental study on coupled motion response of ship with tank in beam waves. J Mar Sci Eng 10(1):113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Hui L, Zhiyong S, Bingbing H, Yuhang S, Deng B (2022) Research on the motion response of aquaculture ship and tank sloshing under rolling resonance. Brodogradnja 73:1–15. https://doi.org/10.21278/brod73201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Zhang Q, Shui B, Zhu H (2022) Study on sloshing characteristics in a liquid cargo tank under combination excitation. J Mar Sci Eng 10:1100. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10081100

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Jin X, Luo M, Xue M-A, Lin P (2022) Resonant sloshing in a rectangular tank under coupled heave and surge excitations. Appl Ocean Res 121:103076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2022.103076

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Zou C-F, Wang D-Y, Cai Z-H, Li Z (2015) The effect of liquid viscosity on sloshing characteristics. J Mar Sci Technol 20(4):765–775. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-015-0329-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Chenliang W et al (2019) Experimental analysis of the effect of cargo viscosity on sloshing in tank. pp 117–120

  17. Zou Y, Xi X, Su Y (2018) A numerical study of a highly-viscous liquefied cargo in a rectangular ship tank. Ocean Eng 170:298–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2018.10.054

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Djatmiko E, Pratama Y (2017) Sloshing simulation of three types tank ship on pitching and heaving motion. Int J Mar Eng Innov Res. https://doi.org/10.1296/j25481479.v1i3.2031

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Sajjan S, Sankunny S (2020) Experimental investigation of moonpool shapes on a ship with forward speed. Ann Navig 26:51–162. https://doi.org/10.1515/aon-2019-0015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Lyu W, el Moctar O, Schellin T (2022) Investigations of transient sloshing induced impulsive hydrodynamics. Ocean Eng 258:111524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.111524

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Zhang Y, Wan D (2018) MPS-FEM coupled method for sloshing flows in an elastic tank. Ocean Eng 152:416–427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2017.12.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Nicolici S, Bilegan R (2013) Fluid structure interaction modeling of liquid sloshing phenomena in flexible tanks. Nucl Eng Des 258:51–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2012.12.024

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Sampann Arora SV, Sasic S, Etemad A (2018) A partitioned FSI methodology for analysis of sloshing-induced loads on a fuel tank structure. In: Presented at the ECCM-ECFD 2018, Glasgow, UK, 11–15 June, 2018, pp 3037–3048. https://congress.cimne.com/eccm_ecfd2018/admin/files/filePaper/p1202.pdf

  24. Chen Z, Zong Z, Li HT, Li J (2013) An investigation into the pressure on solid walls in 2D sloshing using SPH method. Ocean Eng 59:129–141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2012.12.013

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. Anderson JD Jr (1995) Computational fluid dynamics: the basics with applications. McGraw-Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  26. Lanczos C (1986) The variational principles of mechanics. Dover Publications, Mineola

    Google Scholar 

  27. Menter FR (1994) Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications. AIAA J 32(8):1598–1605

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. Joshi AY, Saikia P, Rakshit D (2021) Efficacy of volume of fluid method in computational simulation of sloshing phenomenon. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 1116(1):012145. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1116/1/012145

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. I. ANSYS (2011) ANSYS FLUENT theory guide. ANSYS, Inc.

  30. Barton IE (1998) Comparison of SIMPLE- and PISO-type algorithms for transient flows. Int J Numer Methods Fluids 26(4):459–483. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0363(19980228)26:4%3c459::AID-FLD645%3e3.0.CO;2-U

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Marinemonks. Ever Ace: the new biggest container ship in the world! https://marinemonks.com/ever-ace-the-new-biggest-container-ship-in-the-world/. Accessed 18 Dec 2022

  32. DSV. “Dry container” DSV global transport and logistics. https://www.dsv.com/en/our-solutions/modes-of-transport/sea-freight/shipping-container-dimensions/dry-container. Accessed 18 Dec 2022

  33. Ling P, Tan C, Huei LY, Mohammad S (2020) Technical information on iso shipping container. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 884:012042. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/884/1/012042

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Menter FR (2009) Review of the SST turbulence model experience from an industrial perspective. Int J Comput Fluid Dyn 23(04):305–316

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Usman M, Sajid M, Uddin E, Ayaz Y (2020) Investigation of zero moment point in a partially filled liquid vessel subjected to roll motion. Appl Sci 10(11):3992

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other financial support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan

    Khawaja Muhammad Abdullah & Muhammad Abdul Basit

  2. Center for Mathematical Sciences (CMS), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan

    Ajmal Shah

Authors
  1. Khawaja Muhammad Abdullah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Muhammad Abdul Basit
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ajmal Shah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Khawaja Muhammad Abdullah: conceptualization, methodology, numerical scheme validation, computational analysis, data curation, and writing—original draft. Muhammad Abdul Basit: supervision, formal analysis, and project administration. Ajmal Shah: writing—review and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Khawaja Muhammad Abdullah.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could influence the work reported in this paper.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Muhammad Abdullah, K., Abdul Basit, M. & Shah, A. Study of effect of rotational axis configurations on the slosh dynamics of the ship-mounted tank under different combinations of rotational excitations. J Mar Sci Technol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-024-00990-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-024-00990-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation