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Harnessing the potential of mutation breeding, CRISPR genome editing, and beyond for sustainable agriculture

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Abstract

By 2050, the global population is projected to exceed 9.5 billion, posing a formidable challenge to ensure food security worldwide. To address this pressing issue, mutation breeding in horticultural crops, utilizing physical or chemical methods, has emerged as a promising biotechnological strategy. However, the efficacy of these mutagens can be influenced by various factors, including biological and environmental variables, as well as targeted plant materials. This review highlights the global challenges related to food security and explores the potential of mutation breeding as an indispensable biotechnological tool in overcoming food insecurity. This review also covers the emergence of CRISPR-Cas9, a breakthrough technology offering precise genome editing for the development of high-yield, stress-tolerant crops. Together, mutation breeding and CRISPR can potentially address future food demands. This review focuses into these biotechnological advancements, emphasizing their combined potential to fortify global food security in the face of a booming population.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Universiti Malaya, Malaysia for the experimental facilities and financial support (IIRG009A-19FNW) provided.

Funding

This research was funded by Universiti Malaya (IIRG009A-19FNW).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Nelissa Maisara Nor A’azizam & Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob

  2. Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob

  3. Plant Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Lab, Department of Biotechnology, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144012, India

    Sakshi Chopra & Praveen Guleria

  4. Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144111, India

    Vineet Kumar

  5. Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

    Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim

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  1. Nelissa Maisara Nor A’azizam
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  2. Sakshi Chopra
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  3. Praveen Guleria
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  4. Vineet Kumar
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  5. Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim
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  6. Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob
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Contributions

JSY, PG and VK conceived and designed the research. NMNA, SC and JSY conducted the literature search and wrote the manuscript draft. JSY, PG, MHAR and VK revised the draft and proofread the final manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob.

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Nor A’azizam, N.M., Chopra, S., Guleria, P. et al. Harnessing the potential of mutation breeding, CRISPR genome editing, and beyond for sustainable agriculture. Funct Integr Genomics 24, 44 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-024-01325-y

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