Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Evaluation of Lipocalin-2 and -10 Levels at Time of Diagnosis in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism

  • Published:
Biochemistry (Moscow), Supplement Series B: Biomedical Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is an emergent pulmonary vascular pathology with high morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the relationship between serum lipocalin-2 and -10 levels and clinical score for early mortality risk in patients diagnosed with PE in the emergency department. Methods: The study included 100 patients with PE and 25 healthy controls. The patients with PE were classified as high-risk (Group 1; n = 25), high-intermediate-risk (Group 2; n = 25), low-intermediate-risk (Group 3; n = 25), and low-risk patients (Group 4; n = 25). Serum lipocalin 2 and 10 levels at admission were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared between the five groups. Results: Serum lipocalin-2 concentration was significantly higher in Group 1 when compared with the other groups (p = 0.003, =0.001, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively). Serum lipocalin-10 level was also higher in Group 1 than in the other groups (p < 0.001 for all). In addition, lipocalin-10 level was higher in Group 2 than in Group 3, Group 4, and the control group (p = 0.05, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively). In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of the utility of lipocalin-2 and lipocalin-10 in the differentiation of high-risk PE patients, for lipocalin-2, a cut-off value of 677.7 ng/L had 90% sensitivity and 79% specificity, while for lipocalin-10, a cut-off value of 506.4 ng/L had 90% sensitivity and 87% specificity. Conclusion: Clinical risk scoring for early mortality in PE is important for treatment planning. Serum lipocalin-2 and -10 levels may be useful in early diagnosis and treatment planning in PE.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.

REFERENCES

  1. Freund, Y., Cohen-Aubart, F., and Bloom, B., Acute pulmonary embolism: A review, Jama, 2022, vol. 328, no. 13, pp. 1336–1345.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Konstantinides, S.V., Meyer, G., Becattini, C., Bueno, H., Geersing, G.-J., Harjola, V.-P., Huisman, M.V., Humbert, M., Jennings, C.S., and Jiménez, D., 2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society (ERS) The Task Force for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), Eur. Heart J., 2020, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 543–603.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. ten Wolde, M., Söhne, M., Quak, E., Mac Gillavry, M.R., and Büller, H.R., Prognostic value of echocardiographically assessed right ventricular dysfunction in patients with pulmonary embolism, Arch. Intern. Med., 2004, vol. 164, no. 15, pp. 1685–1689.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Konstantinides, S., Pulmonary embolism: Impact of right ventricular dysfunction, Curr. Opin. Cardiol., 2005, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 496–501.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Goldhaber, S.Z., Echocardiography in the management of pulmonary embolism, Ann. Intern. Med., 2002, vol. 136, no. 9, pp.691–700.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Benson, D.G., Schiebler, M.L., Nagle, S.K., and François, C.J., Magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of pulmonary embolism, Top. Magn. Reson. Imaging, 2017, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 145–151.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Lega, J.-C., Lacasse, Y., Lakhal, L., and Provencher, S., Natriuretic peptides and troponins in pulmonary embolism: A meta-analysis, Thorax, 2009, vol. 64, no. 10, pp. 869–875.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Marques, F.Z., Prestes, P.R., Byars, S.G., Ritchie, S.C., Würtz, P., Patel, S.K., Booth, S.A., Rana, I., Minoda, Y., and Berzins, S.P., Experimental and human evidence for lipocalin-2 (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL]) in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, J. Am. Heart Assoc., 2017, vol. 6, no. 6, p. e005971.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Abella, V., Scotece, M., Conde, J., Gómez, R., Lois, A., Pino, J., Gómez-Reino, J.J., Lago, F., Mobasheri, A., and Gualillo, O., The potential of lipocalin-2/NGAL as biomarker for inflammatory and metabolic diseases, Biomarkers, 2015, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 565–571.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Wang, L., Xie, W., Li, G., Hu, B., Wu, W., Zhan, L., and Zou, H., Lipocalin 10 as a new prognostic biomarker in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction and mortality: A pilot study, Mediators Inflammation, 2021, vol. 2021, p. 6616270.

  11. Pitashny, M., Schwartz, N., Qing, X., Hojaili, B., Aranow, C., Mackay, M., and Putterman, C., Urinary lipocalin-2 is associated with renal disease activity in human lupus nephritis, Arthritis Rheum., 2007, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 1894–1903.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Yu, H., Liu, Z., Lu, J., Yang, X., Yan, X.-X., Mi, Y., Hua, L., Li, Y., Jing, Z.-C., and Du, J., Lipocalin-2 predicts long-term outcome of normotensive patients with acute pulmonary embolism, Cardiovasc. Toxicol., 2020, vol. 20, pp. 101–110.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Ucar, E.Y., Update on thrombolytic therapy in acute pulmonary thromboembolism, Eurasian J. Med., 2019, vol. 51, no. 2, p. 186.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Chemla, D., Castelain, V., Provencher, S., Humbert, M., Simonneau, G., and Hervé, P., Evaluation of various empirical formulas for estimating mean pulmonary artery pressure by using systolic pulmonary artery pressure in adults, Chest, 2009, vol. 135, no. 3, pp. 760–768.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Investigators, P., Value of the ventilation/perfusion scan in acute pulmonary embolism. Results of the prospective investigation of pulmonary embolism diagnosis (P-IOPED), Jama, 1990, vol. 263, no. 20, pp. 2753–2759.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Meyer, T., Binder, L., Hruska, N., Luthe, H., and Buchwald, A.B., Cardiac troponin I elevation in acute pulmonary embolism is associated with right ventricular dysfunction, J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 2000, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 1632–1636.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Klok, F.A., Mos, I.C., and Huisman, M.V., Brain-type natriuretic peptide levels in the prediction of adverse outcome in patients with pulmonary embolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., 2008, vol. 178, no. 4, pp. 425–430.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Li, D., Yan Sun, W., Fu, B., Xu, A., and Wang, Y., Lipocalin-2—The myth of its expression and function, Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 2020, vol. 127, no. 2, pp. 142–151.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Xiao, X., Yeoh, B.S., and Vijay-Kumar, M., Lipocalin 2: An emerging player in iron homeostasis and inflammation, Annu. Rev. Nutr., 2017, vol. 37, pp. 103–130.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Yndestad, A., Landrø, L., Ueland, T., Dahl, C.P., Flo, T.H., Vinge, L.E., Espevik, T., Frøland, S.S., Husberg, C., and Christensen, G., Increased systemic and myocardial expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in clinical and experimental heart failure, Eur. Heart J., 2009, vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 1229–1236.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Li, Q., Li, Y., Huang, W., Wang, X., Liu, Z., Chen, J., Fan, Y., Peng, T., Sadayappan, S., Wang, Y., and Fan, G.-C., Lipocalin 10 deficiency exacerbates diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction via disruption of Nr4a1-mediated anti-inflammatory response in macrophages, Front. Immunol., 2022, vol. 13, p. 930397.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This work was supported by ongoing institutional funding. No additional grants to carry out or direct this particular research were obtained.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Ataturk University School of Medicine, 25240, Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey

    Buğra Kerget, Hatice Beyza Özkan & Leyla Sağlam

  2. Depertmant of Pulmonary Diseases, Health Sciences University Erzurum Regional Education and Research Hospital, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey

    Dursun Erol Afşin

  3. Department of Biochemistry, Ataturk University School of Medicine, 25240, Yakutiye, Erzurum, Turkey

    Esra Laloglu

Authors
  1. Buğra Kerget
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hatice Beyza Özkan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Dursun Erol Afşin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Esra Laloglu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Leyla Sağlam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Buğra Kerget.

Ethics declarations

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE

All studies were conducted in accordance with the principles of biomedical ethics as outlined in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. They were also approved by the Ethics Committee of Ataturk University protocol No: B.30.2.ATA.0.01.00/432 dated June 2, 2022.Each participant in the study provided a voluntary written informed consent after receiving an explanation of the potential risks and benefits, as well as the nature of the upcoming study.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note.

Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Buğra Kerget, Özkan, H.B., Afşin, D.E. et al. Evaluation of Lipocalin-2 and -10 Levels at Time of Diagnosis in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism. Biochem. Moscow Suppl. Ser. B 17, 74–81 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990750823600097

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990750823600097

Keywords:

Search

Navigation