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Sap Flow Measurement as an Instrument for Evaluating Transpiration in Water Balance Studies of a River Basin

  • WATER RESOURCES AND THE REGIME OF WATER BODIES
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Abstract

The article presents the results of instrumental measurements of stem sap flow with the use of sap-flowmeters in the trunks of white fir (Abies nephrolepis), the analysis of the main factors of the process of moisture transport in tree trunks, and the results of modeling hourly series of xylem flow rates. The analysis of factors was made with the use of the method of principal components, and the reproduction of individual series of xylem consumption was based on a multiple linear regression model. The evaluated volume of the transported moisture flux in fir trees over the vegetation period in 2020 varied from 1720 to 5620 L, depending on tree diameter, and the mean daily velocity of stem sap flow in the xylem varied from 0.3 to 1.0 cm/h. Regression analysis was used to find the optimal structure of the empirical model, which includes two predictors—air temperature and humidity. The empirical coefficients of regression equations were determined for each tree based on calibration samples. The results of testing on long enough test samples showed that the model series of xylem discharge on a complete sample (from May to October) for three test trees out of four are close to the measured values: the coefficient of correlation is 0.79–0.88, Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient is 0.62–0.85. The simulation efficiency improves significantly when samples for individual months are used: the correlation coefficient is 0.87‒0.94, the Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient is 0.73‒0.97.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to A.V. Rubtsov (Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk) for help in the implementation of observations of stem sap flow and valuable discussions on the research problem.

Funding

The part of the study relating data analysis was carried out under Governmental Order to Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, subject FMWZ-2022-0001. The part of the study related to monitoring the stem sap flow was carried out under subject 122020900184-5 Pacific Institute of Geography, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, and was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project 19-05-00326.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119333, Moscow, Russia

    T. S. Gubareva & B. I. Gartsman

  2. Pacific Institute of Geography, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russia

    T. S. Gubareva, S. Yu. Lupakov, V. V. Shamov & B. I. Gartsman

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  1. T. S. Gubareva
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  2. S. Yu. Lupakov
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  3. V. V. Shamov
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  4. B. I. Gartsman
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Correspondence to T. S. Gubareva.

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Gubareva, T.S., Lupakov, S.Y., Shamov, V.V. et al. Sap Flow Measurement as an Instrument for Evaluating Transpiration in Water Balance Studies of a River Basin. Water Resour 50 (Suppl 2), S121–S133 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0097807823700215

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