Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Exergoeconomic Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization of an Integrated CHP System Based on Syngas-Fueled Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Mechanical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Exergoeconomic assessment of an energy conversion system based on energy-exergy analysis and appropriate economic principles, is essential to identify the costs of the inefficiencies both for the whole integrated system and for individual energy components. The current study contributes to an exergoeconomic analysis focusing on the steady-state performance of a biomass-fed combined heat and power (CHP) system including a two-stage auto-thermal biomass gasifier, a direct internal reforming planar solid oxide fuel cell (DIR-PSOFC) and a micro-gas turbine (mGT). A one-dimensional model of the DIR-PSOFC is used to investigate the temperature gradient within the solid structure of the fuel cell under different operating conditions. In order to assess the effect of the main system input parameters on the performance of the cogeneration system, a comprehensive parametric analysis is carried out. The results show that the highest rate of exergy destruction takes place in the gasifier with an amount of 39.23%, followed by the afterburner and the SOFC due to the highly irreversible nature of the process of these components. The system input exergy supplied by biomass is 525.7 kW, of which 53.2% is wasted in the system components and the exergy efficiency of the total CHP system is determined to be 49.72%. Furthermore, the results indicate that the highest exergy destruction cost rate is related to the afterburner with 2.39 ($⁄h). Based on the results of the sensitivity analysis, the trends of the performance parameters demonstrate some conflicts with the variation of the operating parameters, which implies the necessity of an optimization procedure. In all the operating conditions considered, the temperature difference along the cell length is kept below the maximum allowable temperature gradient, which is 150 K. Two-step multi-objective optimization has been conducted by use of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm technique. Significant and newsworthy relationships between the optimal operating parameters and the considered design variables have been unveiled using the Pareto-based multi-objective optimization procedure.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

SOFC:

Solid oxide fuel cell

mGT:

Micro-gas turbine

HRSG:

Heat recovery steam generator

H.E:

Heat exchanger

A.B:

After burner

F.C:

Fuel compressor

A.C:

Air compressor

G.T:

Gas turbine

P.T:

Power turbine

CHP:

Combined heat and power

PEN:

Positive electrode–electrolyte–negative electrode

ASTR:

Air to steam ratio

c :

Average cost per unit of exergy \(\left[\$.{G\mathrm{J}}^{-1}\right]\)

\(\dot{C}\) :

Exergy cost rate \(\left[\$.{h}^{-1}\right]\)

\({ER}_{m}\) :

Modified equivalence ratio

\({\overline{e} }_{0}^{ch}\) :

Standard chemical exergy \(\left[kJ.{kmol}^{-1}\right]\)

\(\dot{Ex}\) :

Exergy rate \(\left[kW\right]\)

\(f\) :

Exergoeconomic factor

H:

Enthalpy \(\left[kW\right]\)

I :

Interest rate

\({J}_{avg}\) :

Average current density \(\left[A.{m}^{-2}\right]\)

\(\dot{n}\) :

Mole rate \(\left[kmol.{s}^{-1}\right]\)

S :

Entropy \(\left[kW.{K}^{-1}\right]\)

T :

Temperature \(\left[K\right]\)

\({U}_{a}\) :

Air ratio

U f :

Fuel utilization factor

Y :

Mole fraction

\({y}_{D},\) :

Exergy destruction ratio \(\left[\mathrm{\%}\right]\)

\({y}_{D}^{*},\) :

Component exergy destruction rate to total exergy destruction \(\left[\mathrm{\%}\right]\)

Z \(,\) :

Investment cost [$]

\(\dot{Z},\) :

Investment cost rate \(\left[\mathrm{\$}.{h}^{-1}\right]\)

\(\varepsilon ,\) :

Exergy efficiency

\({\varphi }_{r},\) :

Maintenance factor

η :

Efficiency

i :

Species, different state point

th :

Thermo-mechanical

ch :

Chemical

PT :

Potential

KN :

Kinetic

PH :

Physical

K :

Different component

Q, :

q, Heat

W :

w, Work

D :

Destruction

ex :

Exergy

el :

Electric

gas :

Gasifier

F :

Fuel

P :

Product

j :

State point

0:

Ambient

References

  • Ahmadi P, Dincer I (2011) Thermodynamic and exergoenvironmental analyses, and multi-objective optimization of a gas turbine power plant. J Appl Therm Eng 31(14):2529–2540

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ahmadi P, Dincer I, Rosen MA (2011) Exergy, exergoeconomic and environmental analyses and evolutionary algorithm based multi-objective optimization of combined cycle power plants. J Energy 36(10):5886–5898

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alderucci V, Antonucci PL, Maggio G, Giordano N, Antonucci V (1994) Thermodynamic analysis of SOFC fuelled by biomass-derived gas. J Hydrog Energy 19:369–376

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ameri M, Ahmadi P, Hamidi A (2009) Energy, exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of a steam power plant: a case study. J Energy Res 33(5):499–512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aminyavari M, Mamaghani AH, Shirazi A, Najafi B, Rinaldi F (2016) Exergetic, economic, and environmental evaluations and multi-objective optimization of an internal-reforming SOFC-gas turbine cycle coupled with a Rankine cycle. J Appl Therm Eng 108:833–846

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ansari K, Sayyaadi H, Amidpour M (2010) Thermoeconomic optimization of a hybrid pressurized water reactor (PWR) power plant coupled to a multi effect distillation desalination system with thermo-vapor compressor (MED-TVC). J Energy 35:1981–1996

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Atashkari K, Nariman-Zadeh N, Golcu M, Khalkhali A, Jamali A (2007) Modelling and multi-objective optimization of a variable valvetiming spark-ignition engine using polynomial neural networks and evolutionary algorithms. J Energy Convers Manag 48(3):1029–1041

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bang-Møller C, Rokni M (2010) Thermodynamic performance study of biomass gasification, solid oxide fuel cell and micro gas turbine hybrid systems. J Energy Convers Manag 51:2330–2339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Behzadi A, Habibollahzade V, Zare MA (2019) Multi-objective optimization of a hybrid biomass- SOFC/GT/double effect absorption chiller/RO desalination system with CO2 recycle. J Energy Convers Manag 181:302–318

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bejan A, Moran MJ (1996) Thermal design and optimization. John Wiley & Sons

  • Borji M, Atashkari K, Ghorbani S, Nariman-Zadeh N (2015a) Parametric analysis and Pareto optimization of an integrated autothermal biomass gasification, solid oxide fuel cell and micro gas turbine CHP system. Int J Hydrog Energy 40:14202–14223

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borji M, Atashkari K, Nariman-zadeh N, Masoumpour M (2015b) Modeling, parametric analysis and optimization of an anodesupported planar solid oxide fuel cell (PSOFC). J Mech Eng Sci 229(17):3125–3140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Buonomano A, Calise F, d’Accadia MD, Palombo A, Vicidomini M (2015) Hybrid solid oxide fuel cells–gas turbine systems for combined heat and power: a review. J Appll Energy 156:32–85

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Casas Ledón Y, Arteaga-Perez LE, Toledo J, Dewulf J (2015) Exergoeconomic evaluation of an ethanol-fueled solid oxide fuel cell power plant. J Energy 93:1287–1295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng C, Cherian J, Safdar Sial M, Zaman U, Niroumandi H (2021) Performance assessment of a novel biomass-based solid oxide fuel cell power generation cycle. Econ Anal Optim J Energy 224:120–134

    Google Scholar 

  • Choudhury A, Chandra H, Arora A (2013) Application of solid oxide fuel cell technology for power generation—a review. J Renew Sustain Energy Review 20:430–442

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Colpan CO, Hamdullahpur F, Dincer I, Yoo Y (2010) Effect of gasification agent on the performance of solid oxide fuel cell and biomass gasification systems. J Hydrog Energy 35:5001–5009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cuneo A, Zaccaria V, Tucker D, Sorce A (2018) Gas turbine size optimization in a hybrid system considering SOFC degradation. J Appl Therm Eng 230:855–864

    Google Scholar 

  • Doherty W, Reynolds A, Kennedy D (2015) Process simulation of biomass gasification integrated with a solid oxide fuel cell stack. J Power Sour 277:292–303

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ehyaei MA, Rosen MA (2019) Optimization of a triple cycle based on a solid oxide fuel cell and gas and steam cycles with a multi-objective genetic algorithm and energy, exergy and economic analyses. J Energy Convers Manag 180:689–708

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • El-Emam RS, Dincer I (2015) Thermal modeling and efficiency assessment of an integrated biomass gasification and solid oxide fuel cell system. Int J Hydrog Energy 40(24):7694–7706

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gholamian E, Zare V, Mousavi SM (2016) Integration of biomass gasification with a solid oxide fuel cell in a combined cooling, heating and power system: a thermodynamic and environmental analysis. J Hydrog Energy 41:20396–20406

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghorbani SH, Khoshgoftar-Manesh MH, Nourpour M, Blanco-Marigorta AM (2020) Exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental analyses of an integrated SOFC-GT-ORC hybrid system. J Energy 206:118151

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Habibollahzade A, Gholamian E, Houshfar E, Behzadi A (2018) multi-objective optimization of biomass-based solid oxide fuel cell integrated with Stirling engine and electrolyzer. J Energy Convers Manag 171:1116–1133

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Habibollahzade A, Gholamian E, Behzadi A (2019) Multi-objective optimization and comparative performance analysis of hybrid biomass-based solid oxide fuel cell/solid oxide electrolyzer cell/gas turbine using different gasification agents. J Appl Energy 233:985–1002

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hajabdollahi Z, Fu PF (2017) Multi-objective based configuration optimization of SOFC-GT cogeneration plant. J Appl Therm Eng 112:549–559

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jia J, Abudula A, Wei L, Sun B, Shi Y (2015) Thermodynamic modeling of an integrated biomass gasification and solid oxide fuel cell system. J Renew Energy 81:400–410

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khaljani M, Khoshbakhti Saray R, Bahlouli K (2015) Comprehensive analysis of energy, exergy and exergo-economic of cogeneration of heat and power in a combined gas turbine and organic Rankine cycle. J Energy Convers Manag 97:154–165

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khanmohammadi Sh, Atashkari K, Kouhikamali R (2015) Exergoeconomic multi-objective optimization of an externally fired gas turbine integrated with a biomass gasifier. J Appl Therm Eng 91:848–859

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kwon YH, Kwak HY, Oh SD (2001) Exergoeconomic analysis of gas turbine cogeneration systems. Exergy, Int J 1(1):31–40

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lazzaretto A, Tsatsaronis G (1996) A general process-based methodology for exergy costing. Proceeding of the ASME Advanced Energy System Division, Atlanta, pp 413–428

  • Lazzaretto A, Tsatsaronis G (2006) SPECO: a systematic and general methodology for calculating efficiencies and costs in thermal systems. J Energy 31:1257–1289

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee YD, Ahn KY, Morosuk T, Tsatsaronis G (2018) Exergetic and exergoeconomic evaluation of an SOFC-Engine hybrid power generation system. J Energy 145:810–822

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lozano MA, Valero A (1993) Theory of the exergetic cost. J Energy 18(9):939–960

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mehr AS, Mahmoudi SMS, Yari M, Chitsaz A (2015) Thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analysis of biogas fed solid oxide fuel cell power plants emphasizing on anode and cathode recycling: a comparative study. J Energy Convers Manag 105:596–606

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meratizaman MM, Monadizadeh S, Amidpour M (2014) Introduction of an efficient small-scale freshwater-power generation cycle (SOFC-GT-MED), simulation, parametric study and economic assessment. J Desalin 351:43–58

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Minutillo M, Perna A, Jannelli E, Cigolotti- V, Woo Nam S, Pil Yoon S, WanKwon B (2017) Coupling of biomass gasification and SOFC - gas turbine hybrid system for small scale cogeneration applications. J Energy Proc 105:730–737

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Panopoulos KD, Fryda LE, Karl J, Poulou S, Kakaras E (2006) High temperature solid oxide fuel cell integrated with novel allothermal biomass gasification: Part I: modelling and feasibility study. J Power Sour 159:570–585

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sadeghi M, Mehr AS, Zar M, Santarelli M (2018) Multi-objective optimization of a novel syngas fed SOFC power plant using a downdraft gasifier. J Energy 148:16–31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shamoushaki M, Ehyaei MA, Ghanatir F (2017) Exergy, economic and environmental analysis and multi-objective optimization of a SOFC-GT power plant. J Energy 134:515–531

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharifzadeh M, Meghdari M, Rashtchian D (2017) Multi-objective design and operation of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) triple combined-cycle power generation systems: integrating energy efficiency and operational safety. J Appl Energy 185:345–361

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shayan E, Zare V, Mirzaee I (2019) On the use of different gasification agents in a biomass fueled SOFC by integrated gasifier: a comparative exergo-economic evaluation and optimization. J Energy 171:1126–1138

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shokati N, Mohammadkhani F, Yari M, Mahmudi SMS, Rosen MA (2014) A comparative exergoeconomic analysis of waste heat recovery from a gas turbine-modular helium reactor via organic Rankine cycles. The 3rd World Sustainability Forum 6(5):2474–2489

  • Tan L, Dong X, Gong Z, Wang M (2017) Investigation on performance of an integrated SOFC-GE-KC power generation system using gaseous fuel from biomass gasification. J Renew Energy 107:448–461

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toonssen R, Sollai S, Aravind PV, Woudstra N, Verkooijen AHM (2011) Alternative system designs of biomass gasification SOFC/GT hybrid systems. Int J Energy 36:10414–10425

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsatsaronis G, Lin L, Pisa J (1993) Exergy costing in exergoeconomics. J Energy Resour Technol, ASME 115:9–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wongchanapai S, Iwai H, Saito M, Yoshida H (2012) Performance evaluation of an integrated small-scale SOFC-biomass gasification power generation system. J Power Sour 216:314–322

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang L, Jitian H, Huailiang Y (2020) Exergoeconomic analysis and multi-objective optimization of a CCHP system based on LNG cold energy utilization and flue gas waste heat recovery with CO2 capture. J Energy 190:116–201

    Google Scholar 

  • Yari M, Mehr AS, Mahmoudi SMS, Santarelli M (2016) A comparative study of two SOFC based cogeneration systems fed by municipal solid waste by means of either the gasifier or digester. J Energy 114:586–602

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bandar Anzali Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Anzali, Iran

    Reza Najar & Admin Kazemi

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran

    Mehdi Borji

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran

    Mohammad Nikian

Authors
  1. Reza Najar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Admin Kazemi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mehdi Borji
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mohammad Nikian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mehdi Borji.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper and no funding was received for conducting this study.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Najar, R., Kazemi, A., Borji, M. et al. Exergoeconomic Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization of an Integrated CHP System Based on Syngas-Fueled Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Mech Eng (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40997-023-00722-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40997-023-00722-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation