Abstract
Planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber (white) and Trilobatus sacculifer are the most frequently used mixed-layer dwelling species for reconstructing past oceanic environments. Specifically, the Mg/Ca ratios of these two foraminiferal species have been used for reconstructing tropical/subtropical changes in sea surface temperature (SST). However, these two species have different morphotypes, of which the spatial and temporal differences in Mg/Ca ratios and their influencing factors are still unclear. Our objective is to investigate the potential differences between the Mg/Ca ratios of these different morphotypes of G. ruber (white) and T. sacculifer in the western Philippine Sea (WPS) and determine their implications for the reconstruction of SST and upper-ocean structure. Mg/Ca measurements are made on two basic morphotypes of G. ruber (white) [sensu stricto (s.s.) and sensu lato (s.l.)] and T. sacculifer [with (w) and without (w/o) a sac-like final chamber] on samples of Site MD06-3047B from the WPS. Our results reveal that Mg/Ca ratios of different G. ruber morphotypes show consistent differences; and those of T. sacculifer morphotypes show staged variations since MIS 3. It is suggested to select a single morphotype for reconstructing SST changes using the Mg/Ca ratios of G. ruber and T. sacculifer in the WPS. Furthermore, the Mg/Ca ratios between G. ruber s.s. and G. ruber s.l. [Δ(Mg/Ca)G.ruber s.s.−s.l.] downcore MD06-3047B covaries with indexes of summer monsoon. Combining with the core-top results, showing regional variation of differences in the Δ(Mg/Ca)G.ruber s.s.−s.l. over the western tropical Pacific, we propose that Δ(Mg/Ca)G.ruber s.s.−s.l. may tend to reflect summer mixed layer depth.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the chief scientist Carlo Laj, the captain and the crew of R/V Marion Dufresne, and the French Polar Institute for their efforts and support during the IMAGES XIV-MD155-Marco Polo 2 cruise.
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Foundation item: The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41830539 and 41906063; the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao) under contract No. 2022QN-LM050203; the Taishan Scholars Project Funding under contract No. ts20190963.
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Morphotype dependence of Globigerinoides ruber (white) and Trilobatus sacculifer Mg/Ca ratios in the western tropical Pacific: Implications for reconstructing the mixed-layer depth
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Jia, Q., Li, T., Xiong, Z. et al. Morphotype dependence of Globigerinoides ruber (white) and Trilobatus sacculifer Mg/Ca ratios in the western tropical Pacific: implications for reconstructing the mixed-layer depth. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 42, 35–43 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-023-2163-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-023-2163-0