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Fenton Reaction in vivo and in vitro. Possibilities and Limitations

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Abstract

The review considers the problem of hydrogen peroxide decomposition and hydroxyl radical formation in the presence of iron in vivo and in vitro. Analysis of the literature data allows us to conclude that, under physiological conditions, transport of iron, carried out with the help of carrier proteins, minimizes the possibility of appearance of free iron ions in cytoplasm of the cell. Under pathological conditions, when the process of transferring an iron ion from a donor protein to an acceptor protein can be disrupted due to modifications of the carrier proteins, iron ions can enter cytosol. However, at pH values close to neutral, which is typical for cytosol, iron ions are converted into water-insoluble hydroxides. This makes it impossible to decompose hydrogen peroxide according to the mechanism of the classical Fenton reaction. A similar situation is observed in vitro, since buffers with pH close to neutral are used to simulate free radical oxidation. At the same time, iron hydroxides are able to catalyze decomposition of hydrogen peroxide with formation of a hydroxyl radical. Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide with iron hydroxides is called Fenton-like reaction. Studying the features of Fenton-like reaction in biological systems is the subject of future research.

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Abbreviations

DMT1:

divalent metal transporter 1

FPN1:

ferroportin 1

HMOX1:

heme oxygenase 1

HP:

hephaestin

HRG1:

transmembrane heme-responsive gene 1

NTBI:

non-transferrin-bound iron

PCBP:

poly(rC)-binding protein (metallochaperone)

TF:

transferrin

TFR1:

transferrin receptor 1

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Acknowledgments

The author expresses his gratitude to Dr. L. M. Pisarenko (Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of sciences) for fruitful discussion of the problem of heterogenous catalysis with participation of iron hydroxide.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in the framework of the project 0084-2014-0014, State registration no. 01201253314.

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    Konstantin O. Muranov

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Translated from Uspekhi Biologicheskoi Khimii, 2024, Vol. 64, pp. 219-246.

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Muranov, K.O. Fenton Reaction in vivo and in vitro. Possibilities and Limitations. Biochemistry Moscow 89 (Suppl 1), S112–S126 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297924140074

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