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Synthesis 2024; 56(10): 1505-1540
DOI: 10.1055/a-2262-9575
DOI: 10.1055/a-2262-9575
review
C–H Bond Functionalization of Heterocycles
Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Activation Reactions for the Creation and Modification of Organic Fluorophores
We thank SERB-India for the funding (EMR/2016/004298). T.C. thanks IISER Bhopal for a research fellowship. We also thank the Director, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal (IISER Bhopal), for funding and infrastructural facilities.
Abstract
Organic fluorophores have consistently garnered significant interest owing to their widespread application across various multidisciplinary research fields. In the realm of biological research, these organic fluorophores find extensive use in diverse applications such as molecular imaging, DNA sequencing, drug discovery, and biosensors. Remarkably, in recent times, organic fluorescent molecules have emerged as pivotal elements in the advancement of organic electronics. Across several reaction pathways developed for constructing and modifying organic fluorophores, transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation reactions have come across as a dependable and step-economical approach. In this review we discuss various transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation-based approaches that have been employed to create and modify organic fluorescent molecules which find applications in multidisciplinary research areas.
1 Introduction
2 Basic Reactions for the Creation of Organic Fluorophores
3 Merits and Drawbacks of Classical Reactions in the Creation and Modification of Organic Fluorophores
4 C–H Activation/Functionalization Reactions
5 C–H Activation Pathways in the Creation and Modification of Organic Fluorophores
5.1 Electrophilic C–H Activation Reactions
5.2 Heteroatom-Directed C–H Activation Reactions
6 Conclusion
Key words
organic fluorophores - transition metal catalysis - C–H activation - annulation - C–H functionalizationPublication History
Received: 29 December 2023
Accepted after revision: 06 February 2024
Accepted Manuscript online:
06 February 2024
Article published online:
11 March 2024
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