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Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a Hospital Setting: A Retrospective Study from 2018 to 2022

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Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a highly infectious pathogen that poses a serious threat to human life and health. This study aimed to provide a scientific basis for the rational clinical use of antimicrobial drugs for treating MRSA infections and inform the development of preventive and control measures by analyzing the clinical distribution and resistance characteristics of MRSA in a hospital in Hebei China. To accomplish this, bacterial identification and drug sensitivity experiments were performed with 1858 Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) strains collected from a hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 using a phoenixTM-100 bacterial identification drug sensitivity analyzer. The experimental data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 software, and the MRSA strains detected were analyzed for their clinical distribution and drug resistance. Of the 1858 S. aureus strains isolated, 429 were MRSA. Sputum samples had the highest MRSA detection rates (52.45%). Critical care medicine had the highest rate of MRSA (12.59%), followed by dermatology (9.79%). MRSA resistance to tetracycline increased by 13.9% over 5 years; resistance to quinupristin/dalfopristin also increased but remained low (1.9%). Resistance decreased to gentamicin, rifampicin, ciprofloxacin, and cotrimoxazole, though most significantly to erythromycin and clindamycin, exceeding 77% and 83%, respectively. No strains were resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin, or linezolid, and drug resistance was most prevalent in patients ≥ 60 years old. This study will aid in improving the diagnosis and treatment of MRSA infections.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to privacy and ethical reasons but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Hebei Provincial Medical Science Research Project (No. 20210366). We appreciate the assistance of the hospital staff and the technical assistance provided by the Department of Microbiology and the Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Team of the Infection Management Division. We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.cn) for English language editing.

Funding

This study was supported by the Hebei Provincial Medical Science Research Project (No. 20210366).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Healthcare Associated Infection Control, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China

    Tian Lan

  2. Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China

    Bin Zhang, Qian Jia & Yu Huan Xu

  3. Department of Microbiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China

    Jin Lu Liu, Jing Gao, Bao Liang Li & Xiao Juan Xie

  4. Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China

    Liang Cao

  5. Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China

    Juan Yan

  6. Department of Blood Purification, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China

    Hong Mei Wen

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Contributions

All authors made a significant contribution to the work reported, whether that is in the conception, study design, execution, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation, or in all these areas; took part in drafting, revising, or critically reviewing the article; gave final approval of the version to be published; have agreed on the journal to which the article has been submitted; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

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Correspondence to Bao Liang Li.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethical Approval

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University and complied with the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. As this was an observational study, isolated MRSA strains from residual samples were anonymized, ensuring compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and therefore meeting the criteria for exemption. Formal ethical review approval was obtained after consultation with the IRB of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University (Approval number: W2023014). Written informed consent from the patients was not required.

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Lan, T., Zhang, B., Liu, J.L. et al. Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a Hospital Setting: A Retrospective Study from 2018 to 2022. Indian J Microbiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01228-3

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