Abstract
Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae (FOP), stands out as an obstacle to the production of Passiflora edulis Sims. Little is known about the interaction of FOP with substrates and pH ranges that can be used in the development of management strategies or selection for resistance in Passiflora spp. Thus, the effect of different soil: manure or soil: coconut fiber ratios with pH ranging from acidic to alkaline on the production of FOP propagules was evaluated. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, using four soil: manure or soil: coconut fiber ratios (5:0, 5:2, 5:4, 5:6 (v:v)). Each mixture’s pH was adjusted from 4.2 to 8.0 (soil: manure) or 4.2 to 9.7 (soil: coconut fiber). The production of microconidia, macroconidia, chlamydospores and colony forming units was evaluated at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after substrate infestation. The greatest number of propagules was registered in the groups treated with the highest proportions of manure or coconut fiber. The use of manure, regardless of the pH range, provided increases of 98%, 48%, and 13% in the number of colony forming units, microconidia and chlamydospores, respectively, in relation to the spores produced in substrates using coconut fiber. However, the production of macroconidia was 66% higher when fiber was used. Chlamydospore production was not affected by substrate pH, unlike other propagules with greater activity at slightly acidic, neutral or alkaline pH. The use of soil plus cattle manure in the ratios 5:4 or 5:6 with a pH between 5.1 and 8.0 was associated with the highest production of FOP propagules.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the granting of the master’s scholarship to Raoni Andrade Pires, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the postdoctoral scholarship to Lucas Kennedy Silva Lima (LKSL - PDJ 152109/2019-6; 150370/2021-0; 152551/2022-0) along with financial support (Process 421033/2018-5; 402359/2023-2) and research productivity grants (PQ) to Francisco Ferraz Laranjeira (FFL PQ309895/2016-2) and Onildo Nunes de Jesus (ONJ - PQ311495/2021-4). We also acknowledge Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, for the support of the team and the use of facilities and equipment.
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This work was funded by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Process 421033/2018–5; 402359/2022-3) and macroprogram of Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura (Process 22.16.04.007.00.00).
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All authors contributed to writing, as well as toward interpreting the results, revising, and improving the paper. RAP, LKSL and ONJ performed the installation and conduct of the experiment and drafted the manuscript. LKSL, ONJ e FFL participated in the statistical analysis, and data interpretation. ONJ e FFL made corrections in the writing of the manuscript. LKSL, ONJ e FFL were the creators of the research.
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Pires, R.A., de Jesus, O.N., Lima, L.K.S. et al. pH range and substrate organic matter levels modulate the sporulation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. passiflorae under controlled conditions. Eur J Plant Pathol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02846-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-024-02846-9