Abstract
A model is proposed that makes it possible to analytically analyze the speed performance of a waveguide p–i–n photodiode with a light-absorbing region representing a multilayered array of quantum dots separated by undoped spacers. It is shown that there is an optimal number of layers of quantum dots, as well as an optimal thickness of the spacers, which provide the widest bandwidth. The possibility of achieving a frequency range (at the level of –3 dB) above 20 GHz for waveguide photodiodes based on InGaAs/GaAs quantum well-dots is shown.
REFERENCES
Y. Wan, Z. Zhang, R. Chao, J. Norman, D. Jung, C. Shang, Q. Li, M. J. Kennedy, D. Liang, C. Zhang, J.-W. Shi, A. C. Gossard, K. M. Lau, J. E. Bowers. Opt. Express, 25 (22), 27715 (2017).
N. V. Kryzhanovskay, F. I. Zubov, E. I. Moiseev, A. S. Dragunova, K. A. Ivanov, M. V. Maximov, N. A. Kaluzhnyy, S. A. Mintairov, S. V. Mikushev, M. M. Kulagina, J. A. Guseva, A. I. Likhachev, A. E. Zhukov. Laser Phys. Lett., 19 (1), 016201 (2022).
D. Inoue, Y. Wan, D. Jung, J. Norman, C. Shang, N. Nishiyama, S. Arai, A. C. Gossard, J. E. Bowers. Appl. Phys. Lett., 113 (9), 093506 (2018).
J. Huang, Y. Wan, D. Jung, J. Norman, C. Shang, Q. Li, K. M. Lau, A. C. Gossard, J. E. Bowers, B. Chen. ACS Photonics, 6 (5), 1100 (2019).
A. Zhukov, S. Blokhin, N. Maleev, N. Kryzhanovskaya, E. Moiseev, A, Nadtochiy, S. Mintairov, N. Kalyuzhnyy, F. Zubov, M. Maximov. Opt. Express, 29 (25), 40677 (2021).
N. V. Kryzhanovskaya, S. A. Blokhin, I. S. Makhov, E. I. Moiseev, A. M. Nadtochiy, N. A. Fominykh, S. A. Mintairov, N. A. Kalyuzhny, Yu. A. Guseva, M. M. Kulagina, F. I. Zubov, E. S. Kolodezny, M. V. Maksimov, A. E. Zhukov. FTP, 57 (3), 198 (2023). (in Russian).
B. Tossoun, G. Kurczveil, S. Srinivasan, A. Descos, D. Liang, R. G. Beausoleil. Optics Lett., 46 (16), 3821 (2021).
X. M. Sun, H. Zhang, H. Zhu, P. Xu, G. R. Li, J. Liu, H. Z. Zheng. Electron. Lett., 45 (6), 329 (2009).
O. Baklenov, H. Nie, K. A. Anselm, J. C. Campbell, B. G. Streetman. Electron. Lett., 34 (7), 694 (1998).
W. H. Chang, W. Y. Chen, T. M. Hsu, N. T. Yeh, J. I. Chyi. Phys. Rev. B, 66 (19), 195337 (2002).
V. V. Nikolaev, E. A. Avrutin. IEEE J. Quant. Electron., 39 (12), 1653 (2003).
I. Pisarenko, E. Ryndin. Electronics, 5 (3), 52 (2016).
A. O. Goushcha, B. Tabbert. Opt. Eng., 56 (9), 097101 (2017).
A. M. Nadtochiy, N. Yu. Gordeev, A. A. Kharchenko, S. A. Mintairov, N. A. Kalyuzhnyy, Yu. S. Berdnikov, Yu. M. Shernyakov, M. V. Maximov, A. E. Zhukov. J. Lightwave Technol., 39 (23), 7479 (2021).
S. A. Mintairov, N. A. Kalyuzhnyy, V. M. Lantratov, M. V. Maximov, A. M. Nadtochiy, S. A. Ruvimov, A. E. Zhukov. Nanotechnology, 26 (38), 385202 (2015).
S. Zi. Fizika poluprovodnikovyk priborov (M., Mir, 1984) v. 2. (in Russian).
Si Photodiodes, Technical notes. https://www.hamamatsu.com/ content/dam/hamamatsu-photonics/sites/documents/ 99_SALES_LIBRARY/ssd/si_pd_kspd9001e.pdf
Insights into High-Speed Detectors and High-Frequency Techniques https://www.newport.com/n/insights-into-high-speed- detectors-and-high-frequency-techniques
I. Krestnikov, D. Livshits, S. Mikhrin, A. Kozhukhov, A. Kovsh, N. Ledentsov, A. Zhukov. Electron. Lett., 41 (24), 1330 (2005).
A. McWilliam, A. A. Lagatsky, C. T. A. Brown, W. Sibbett, A. E. Zhukov, V. M. Ustinov, A. P. Vasil’ev, E. U. Rafailov. Optics Lett., 31 (10), 1444 (2006).
Funding
The studies were carried out as part of the Fundamental Research Program of the National Research University Higher School of Economics. M.V. Maximov, and F.I. Zubov acknowledge project FSRM-2023-0010 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note.
Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhukov, A.E., Kryzhanovskaya, N.V., Makhov, I.S. et al. Model for Speed Performance of Quantum-Dot Waveguide Photodiode. Semiconductors 57, 632–637 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063782623050184
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063782623050184