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Effect of Axial Misalignments in Fillet Welded Cruciform Joint Under Static Loading

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Abstract

This paper presents a numerical study to investigate the effects of axial misalignment for the fillet welded cruciform joints using the traction stress method. A parametric study, involving 100 finite element (FE) models, was conducted with plate thickness and misalignments treated as independent parameters. In the parametric study, different fillet weld leg sizes were chosen based on the minimum criteria specified in the New Zealand standard (NZS 3404.1). Normalized shear traction stresses were calculated for each plate thickness and misalignments at different cut planes through the fillet weld. In each model, the maximum normalized shear stress occurred at an angle of 15° to the loading plate, which represents the critical angle for weld failure. Finally, based on the results of the parametric study, an equation for the multiplication factor was proposed for the cruciform joint to obtain the maximum normalized shear traction stress for different misalignments and weld size. The multiplication factor obtained from the FEA matched well with the multiplication factor predicted by the proposed equation, and reliability analysis was conducted to confirm the accuracy of the proposed equation.

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Abbreviations

\(\sigma _{ \bot }\) :

Normal stress perpendicular to the throat thickness

\(\sigma _{\parallel }\) :

Normal stress parallel to the axis of the weld

\(\tau _{ \bot }\) :

Shear stress (in the plane of the throat) perpendicular to the axis of the weld

\(\tau _{\parallel }\) :

Shear stress (in the plane of the throat) parallel to the axis of the weld

fu:

Nominal ultimate tensile strength of the weaker part joined

βw :

Appropriate correlation factor taken from Table 4.1of EN:1993-1-8 [30]

F w,Ed :

Design value of the weld force per unit length

F w,Rd :

Weld resistance per unit length

fvwd :

Design shear strength of the weld

fa :

Normal stresses, compression or tension, due to axial force or bending moment

q:

Shear stress due to shear force or tension

fe :

Equivalent stress for combined normal and shear

COV:

Co-efficient of vaiation

FEA:

Finite element analysis

e/t:

Ratio for mialignment to plate thickness

s/t:

Ratio for weld size to plate thickness

Km :

Multiplication factor for nomalized traction shear stress

Km,proposed :

Multiplication factor for nomalized traction shear stress for proposed equation

\({R}_{m}\) :

Mean resistance factor

\({Q}_{m}\) :

Mean load factor

\({V}_{R}\) :

Co-efficient of variation of resitance factor

\({V}_{Q}\) :

Co-effieceient of variation of load factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand

    Bikram Paul, Zhiyuan Fang, Krishanu Roy & James B. P. Lim

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

    James B. P. Lim

  3. Fabrication 4.0/Welding Centre, Heavy Engineering Research Association (HERA), Auckland, New Zealand

    Hafez Tehari & Michail Karpenko

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  1. Bikram Paul
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Paul, B., Fang, Z., Roy, K. et al. Effect of Axial Misalignments in Fillet Welded Cruciform Joint Under Static Loading. Int J Steel Struct 24, 231–245 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13296-024-00811-0

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