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X-ray Properties of the Luminous Quasar PG 1634+706 at \(z=1.337\) from SRG and XMM-Newton Data

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Abstract

In the fall of 2019, during the in-flight calibration phase of the SRG observatory, the onboard eROSITA and Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC telescopes carried out a series of observations of PG 1634+706 — one of the most luminous (an X-ray luminosity \({\sim}10^{46}\) erg s\({}^{-1}\)) quasars in the Universe at \(z<2\). Approximately at the same dates this quasar was also observed by the XMM-Newton observatory. Although the object had already been repeatedly studied in X-rays previously, its new observations allowed its energy spectrum to be measured more accurately in the wide range 1–30 keV (in the quasar rest frame). Its spectrum can be described by a two-component model that consists of a power-law continuum with a slope \(\Gamma\approx 1.9\) and a broadened iron emission line at an energy of about 6.4 keV. The X-ray variability of the quasar was also investigated. On time scales of the order of several hours (here and below, in the source rest frame) the X-ray luminosity does not exhibit a statistically significant variability. However, it changed noticeably from observation to observation in the fall of 2019, having increased approximately by a factor of 1.5 in 25 days. A comparison of the new SRG and XMM-Newton measurements with the previous measurements of other X-ray observatories has shown that in the entire 17-year history of observations of the quasar PG 1634+706 its X-ray luminosity has varied by no more than a factor of 2.5, while the variations on time scales of several weeks and several years are comparable in amplitude.

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Notes

  1. In the cited paper a luminosity estimate at a wavelength of 2500 Å, \(\nu L_{\nu,2500}\sim 3\times 10^{47}\) erg s\({}^{-1}\), is given, while the corresponding bolometric correction for quasars is estimated to be \({\sim}3\) (Kravchuk et al. 2013).

  2. erosita.mpe.mpg.de/edr/DataAnalysis/evtool_doc

  3. www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/sas-thread-epic-filterbackground

  4. https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/xanadu/xspec

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

In this study we used data from the ART-XC and eROSITA telescopes onboard the SRG observatory. The SRG observatory was designed by the Lavochkin Association (enters into the Roskosmos State Corporation) with the participation of the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) within the framework of the Russian Federal Space Program on the order of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The eROSITA X-ray telescope was built by a consortium of German Institutes led by MPE, and supported by DLR. The ART-XC team thanks the Roskosmos State Corporation, the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Rosatom State Corporation for supporting the design and production of the ART-XC telescope and the Lavochkin Association and partners for the production and work with the spacecraft and the Navigator platform. The eROSITA data used in this work were processed with the eSASS software developed by the German eROSITA consortium and the proprietary data reduction and analysis software developed by the Russian eROSITA Consortium.

Funding

This study was supported by RSF grants nos. 21-12-00343 and 19-12-00396 with regard to the eROSITA and ART-XC data processing, respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Space Research Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia

    G. S. Uskov, S. Yu. Sazonov, M. R. Gilfanov, I. Yu. Lapshov & R. A. Sunyaev

  2. Max Planck Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, Postfach 1317, D-85741, Garching, Germany

    M. R. Gilfanov & R. A. Sunyaev

Authors
  1. G. S. Uskov
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  2. S. Yu. Sazonov
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  3. M. R. Gilfanov
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  4. I. Yu. Lapshov
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  5. R. A. Sunyaev
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Correspondence to G. S. Uskov.

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Translated by V. Astakhov

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Uskov, G.S., Sazonov, S.Y., Gilfanov, M.R. et al. X-ray Properties of the Luminous Quasar PG 1634+706 at \(z=1.337\) from SRG and XMM-Newton Data. Astron. Lett. 49, 621–638 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063773723110099

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