Abstract
Identifying transdiagnostic mechanisms that relate to nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), the intentional destruction of one’s own body tissue without suicidal intent and for purposes not culturally or socially sanctioned, is critical for the development and further refinement of NSSI-focused interventions. Accordingly, the present study aimed to characterize potential roles for anhedonia, repetitive negative thinking, and trait mindfulness as they relate to history of NSSI, NSSI urge-to-action, and NSSI functions. We hypothesized that these variables would relate to NSSI, NSSI urge-to-action, and explored correlations with functions of NSSI: interpersonal (i.e., reinforcement is social) and intrapersonal (e.g., reinforcement is self-focused) functions. Results indicated that greater anhedonia was related to history of NSSI. Among participants who reported history of NSSI, lower levels of trait mindfulness were associated with less time spent between NSSI urge and NSSI action. Finally, amongst participants who reported history of NSSI, interpersonal functions of NSSI were positively correlated with greater anhedonia, while intrapersonal NSSI function was positively correlated with higher levels of repetitive negative thinking, suggesting potential differential mechanisms that may contribute to the maintenance of NSSI. This work highlights transdiagnostic mechanisms that relate to history of NSSI, NSSI urge-to-action latency, and potential differential correlates of NSSI functions.
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Notes
Depression and anhedonia were both included in the model as previous work has demonstrated that they are related though separate constructs (e.g., Franklin, Rassin, & Muris, 2007). In our sample, the BDI-II and SHAPS were moderately correlated (p=-.32). Statistically, there is a small amount of variance that may overlap with the BDI-II “loss of pleasure,” “loss of interest,” and “loss of interest in sex” items; Thus, we conducted an analysis with a new adjusted variable (BDI-II total score minus 3 loss of pleasure/interest items). Results with the new adjusted variable were nearly identical to the results with BDI-II total scores. In order to stay consistent with the current literature using the BDI-II, the results are presented with the BDI-II total score in the manuscript.
Adjusted results are presented below:
Anhedonia was the only significant association of NSSI, B=-0.14, Wald = 6.05, p = .01. The final model accounted for 19.3% of the variance in NSSI, Nagelkerke R2 = 0.19, χ2(1, N = 79) = 12.35, p = .03. Anhedonia was not significantly associated with time elapsed between NSSI urge and action (ps = 0.80), nor did it significantly contribute to the final model (ΔR2 = 0.02, p = .49).
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Antezana, L., Garcia, K.M., Carlton, C.N. et al. Transdiagnostic Correlates of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: The Roles of Anhedonia, Repetitive Negative Thinking, and Trait Mindfulness. J Psychopathol Behav Assess (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-024-10130-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-024-10130-7