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Developing Peripheral Biochemical Biomarkers of Brain Disorders: Insights from Zebrafish Models

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Abstract

High prevalence of human brain disorders necessitates development of the reliable peripheral biomarkers as diagnostic and disease-monitoring tools. In addition to clinical studies, animal models markedly advance studying of non-brain abnormalities associated with brain pathogenesis. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is becoming increasingly popular as an animal model organism in translational neuroscience. These fish share some practical advantages over mammalian models together with high genetic homology and evolutionarily conserved biochemical and neurobehavioral phenotypes, thus enabling large-scale modeling of human brain diseases. Here, we review mounting evidence on peripheral biomarkers of brain disorders in zebrafish models, focusing on altered biochemistry (lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and other non-signal molecules, as well as metabolic reactions and activity of enzymes). Collectively, these data strongly support the utility of zebrafish (from a systems biology standpoint) to study peripheral manifestations of brain disorders, as well as highlight potential applications of biochemical biomarkers in zebrafish models to biomarker-based drug discovery and development.

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Abbreviations

ATP:

adenosine triphosphate

CNS:

central nervous system

EEG:

electroencephalography

GABA:

γ-aminobutyric acid

NPC:

Niemann–Pick type C

PLP:

pyridoxal 5′-phosphate

PLPBP:

PLP-binding protein

PNPO:

pyridoxamine 5′-phosphate oxidase

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Funding

The work was financially supported by the St. Petersburg State University budgetary funds (Project ID 94030626). A.V.K. and T.O.K. are supported by the Sirius University of Science and Technology budgetary funds (Project ID NRB-RND-2116).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Nikita P. Ilyin, Konstantin A. Demin & Allan V. Kalueff

  2. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 115184, Moscow, Russia

    Elena V. Petersen & Konstantin A. Demin

  3. Neuroscience Program, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340, Sochi, Russia

    Tatyana O. Kolesnikova

  4. Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Konstantin A. Demin & Allan V. Kalueff

  5. Laboratory of Preclinical Bioscreening, Granov Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 197758, Pesochny, Russia

    Konstantin A. Demin

  6. Ural Federal University, 620002, Ekaterinburg, Russia

    Sergey L. Khatsko & Allan V. Kalueff

  7. Laboratory of Biopsychiatry, Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117, Novosibirsk, Russia

    Kirill V. Apuhtin & Allan V. Kalueff

  8. Neuroscience Division, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354340, Sirius Federal Territory, Russia

    Kirill V. Apuhtin

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  1. Nikita P. Ilyin
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  2. Elena V. Petersen
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  3. Tatyana O. Kolesnikova
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  4. Konstantin A. Demin
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Contributions

A.V.K. conceived and supervised the study; N.P.I., T.O.K., and S.L.Kh. analyzed the data and discussed findings with input from all authors; N.P.I. and K.A.D. wrote the manuscript; E.V.P. and A.V.K. edited the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Tatyana O. Kolesnikova, Konstantin A. Demin or Allan V. Kalueff.

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Ilyin, N.P., Petersen, E.V., Kolesnikova, T.O. et al. Developing Peripheral Biochemical Biomarkers of Brain Disorders: Insights from Zebrafish Models. Biochemistry Moscow 89, 377–391 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297924020160

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