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Microstructure and hot corrosion properties of an Al-Y coating on TiAl alloy

TiAl合金表面Al-Y渗层的抗热腐蚀性能

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Abstract

To improve the hot corrosion performance of TiAl alloys, an Al-Y coating was prepared by a pack cementation process. The effect of catalysts on the structure of the Al-Y coating and its thermal shock resistance was studied. The thermal corrosion performance of both the TiAl alloy and the coating in a mixed molten salt system of 25% NaCl+75% Na2SO4 (wt.%) was comparatively investigated. The results showed that the Al-Y coatings prepared with different catalysts had similar structures and good metallurgical bonding with the substrate, which was mainly composed of an Al-rich outer layer, a TiAl3 middle layer, and a TiAl2 inner layer. However, the coating prepared using NH4Cl as the catalyst was more uniform and denser than those formed using NaF and AlCl3·6H2O. The Al-Y coating improved the thermal shock resistance of the TiAl alloy under thermal shock at 1273 K. Hot corrosion tests showed that the lamellar α2-Ti3Al phase in the TiAl alloy first underwent selective corrosion by O and S atoms in the medium, followed by catastrophic corrosion. Moreover, the Al-Y coating formed a dense Al2O3 film in the early stage of hot corrosion, which effectively protected the permeable layer. Upon extending the hot corrosion time, the coating gradually cracks due to the internal and external diffusion of atoms and corrosion stress. The formed cracks served as diffusion channels for S and O atoms, and the TiAl3 phase in the coating continued to decompose, providing more Al atoms to the cracks. This eventually formed a dense layer of Al2O3 to compensate for the cracks, delaying the internal diffusion rate of S and O atoms, and significantly improving the thermal corrosion resistance of the TiAl alloy.

摘要

针对TiAl合金抗热腐蚀性能不足的问题,采用扩散渗法在其表面制备了Al-Y渗层,研究了催化 剂类型对渗层组织结构的影响,分析了渗层的热冲击性能,对比研究了TiAl 基体和Al-Y 渗层在25% NaCl+75% Na2SO4熔盐(质量分数wt.%)中的热腐蚀行为。结果表明:用不同催化剂制备的Al-Y 渗层具 有相似的结构,与基体均为良好的冶金结合,由外向内均由富Al 外层、TiAl3中间层和TiAl2内层构成, 但当采用NH4Cl 为催化剂时,渗层的致密度和均匀性较用NaF和AlCl3·6H2O催化剂好。在1000 °热冲 击下,Al-Y 渗层较基体合金具有更强的抗热冲击性能。TiAl 合金在热腐蚀时,基体中的片层状α2-Ti3Al 相首先与O、S介质发生选择性腐蚀,随后形成灾难性腐蚀;而Al-Y 涂层在热腐蚀初期会形成致 密的Al2O3氧化膜,有效地保护了渗层,随着热腐蚀时间的延长,由于渗层内原子的内外扩散和腐蚀应 力,渗层逐渐开裂,裂纹成为O和S元素的扩散通道,但在此过程中,渗层中的TiAl3相发生分解,为 裂纹部位提供Al 源并形成Al2O3来填补裂纹,延缓了O和S 原子的内扩散速率,增强了TiAl 合金的耐 热腐蚀性能。

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Mechatronic Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China

    Yong-quan Li  (李涌泉)

  2. School of Materials Science & Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China

    Yong-quan Li  (李涌泉), Qing-rui Hao  (郝清锐), Guo-dong Liang  (梁国栋), Guang-jun Liu  (刘广君) & Shu-jing Liu  (刘树静)

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Contributions

LI Yong-quan developed the overarching research goals and edited the draft of the manuscript. LIANG Guo-dong, HAO Qing-rui and LIU Guang-jun validated the proposed method with practical experiments and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. LIU Shu-jing edited the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yong-quan Li  (李涌泉).

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LI Yong-quan, HAO Qing-rui, LIANG Guodong, LIU Guang-jun and LIU Shu-jing declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Foundation item: Projects(52161009, 51961003) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project (2022AAC03224) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia, China; Project(XAB2022YW07) supported by the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Science

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Li, Yq., Hao, Qr., Liang, Gd. et al. Microstructure and hot corrosion properties of an Al-Y coating on TiAl alloy. J. Cent. South Univ. 31, 330–345 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-024-5561-3

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