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Immunomodulation and Humoral Immune Response in Teleost Immunized with Aeromonas-Derived Antigenic Extracellular Bioactive Molecules

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Abstract

The common use of antimicrobials in food-animal production can lead to drug residues in edible tissues for consumers. However, immunomodulators enhance immune responses and vaccine effectiveness. A new perspective explores bacterial extracellular bioactive molecules (EBMs) in food-animal production to modulate host immune responses, potentially transforming pathogen management and antimicrobial use. This study investigates the immunogenic potential of Aeromonas hydrophila-derived EBMs (Antigens) to enhance the immune system. Four Antigens were administered intraperitoneally to Oreochromis niloticus (Nile Tilapia). Antigens 2 and Antigens 3 boosted fish immune competence within 21 days. Remarkably, Antigens 3 induced robust immunity against A. hydrophila with a single dose, notably enhancing antibody-based immune responses. The increased antibody activity suggests Antigens 3 could be a vaccine candidate, promising further research and potential application in food-animal production to improve disease control. This study highlights immunomodulators' potential in reshaping disease management in the food-animal industry, emphasizing the benefits of focusing on bacterial EBMs to reduce reliance on antimicrobials and achieve sustainable disease prevention.

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Data and Material Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed in this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We extend our gratitude to the Japanese Government, through the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) and the Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life (under the Sustainable Food Production program; S.F.P.P), Hiroshima University, Japan, for financially supporting this study. We are equally grateful to Hiroshima University’s Oceanography Cruise (Toyoshio-Maru) Team for their valuable support during field sampling.

Funding

This study was funded by the Japanese Government, through the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) and the Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Japan; under the Sustainable Food Production program (S.F.P.). Funding was provided by Japan Student Services Organization.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioresource Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, 739-8528, Japan

    Patrick Senam Kofi Fatsi, Koichiro Kawai, Ebenezer Koranteng Appiah, Shaharior Hashem & Hidetoshi Saito

  2. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Water Research Institute, P. O. Box M 32, Accra, Ghana

    Patrick Senam Kofi Fatsi, Ruby Asmah, Betty Bandoh Oppong, Ebenezer Koranteng Appiah, Acheampong Addo, Joyce Kplorla Kusorgbor, Emmanuel Kaboja Magna, Frank Adu-Nti, Miriam Yayra Ameworwor, Mercy Johnson-Ashun, Lilly Konadu Osei, Etornyo Agbeko, Francis Assogba Anani & Seth Koranteng Agyakwah

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biosciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana

    Abraham Kusi Obeng & Lydia Quansah

  4. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana

    Courage Kosi Setsoafia Saba

  5. Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture Food and Consumer Science, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Northern Region, Ghana

    Juliana Bawah

  6. Department of Fisheries and Water Resources, School of Natural Resources, University of Energy and Natural Resources, P. O. Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana

    Seyramsarah Blossom Setufe

  7. Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

    Shaharior Hashem

  8. Ghana Education Service, Shama, Sekondi-Takoradi, Western Region, Ghana

    Clara Ruth Quansah

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  1. Patrick Senam Kofi Fatsi
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Contributions

All authors have contributed significantly, have read the manuscript, attested to the validity and legitimacy of the data and its interpretation, and agree to its submission.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Patrick Senam Kofi Fatsi.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declared that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

Ethical Statement of Approval

All efforts made to minimize the suffering of experimental animals were under animal care 111, and experimental procedures were conducted according to the Ethical practices approved in 112 Animal Experimentation at Hiroshima University (Permit Number: G13-3), even though such recommendations are not strictly enforced for teleost research.

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Fatsi, P.S.K., Kawai, K., Asmah, R. et al. Immunomodulation and Humoral Immune Response in Teleost Immunized with Aeromonas-Derived Antigenic Extracellular Bioactive Molecules. Indian J Microbiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-024-01254-1

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