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Loss of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase immunoreactivity correlates with poor prognosis and elevated uptake of 11C-methionine in IDH-mutant astrocytoma

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Abstract

Purpose

The proximate localization of MTAP, which encodes methylthioadenosine phosphorylase, and CDKN2A/B on Chromosome 9q21 has allowed the loss of MTAP expression as a surrogate for homozygous deletion of CDKN2A/B. This study aimed to determine whether MTAP status correlates with clinical outcomes and 11C-methionine uptake in astrocytomas with IDH mutations.

Methods

We conducted immunohistochemistry for MTAP in 30 patients with astrocytoma, IDH-mutant who underwent 11C-methionine positron emission tomography scans prior to surgical resection. The tumor-to-normal (T/N) ratio of 11C-methionine uptake was calculated using the mean standardized uptake value (SUV) for tumor and normal brain tissues. Cox regression analysis was used for multivariate survival analysis.

Results

Among IDH-mutant astrocytomas, 26.7% (8/30) exhibited the loss of cytoplasmic MTAP expression, whereas 73.3% (22/30) tumors retained MTAP expression. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly shorter in patients with MTAP loss than those with MTAP retention (1.88 years vs. 6.80 years, p = 0.003). The median overall survival (OS) was also shorter in patients with MTAP loss than in MTAP-retaining counterparts (5.23 years vs. 10.69 years, p = 0.019). Multivariate analysis identified MTAP status (hazard ratio (HR), 0.081) and extent of resection (HR, 0.104) as independent prognostic factors for PFS. Astrocytomas lacking cytoplasmic MTAP expression showed a significantly higher median T/N ratio for 11C-methionine uptake than tumors retaining MTAP (2.12 vs. 1.65, p = 0.012).

Conclusion

Our study revealed that the loss of MTAP expression correlates with poor prognosis and an elevated T/N ratio of 11C-methionine uptake in astrocytoma, IDH-mutant.

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Data availability

The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Dr. Kaishi Satomi (Kyorin University) for invaluable advice on MTAP immunohistochemistry, Dr. Hiroyuki Sato and Dr. Akihiro Hirakawa (Tokyo Medical and Dental University) for invaluable advice on the statistical analysis, Dr. Koichi Ichimura (Juntendo University) for CDKN2A analysis and Editage (www.edtage.jp) for English language editing.

Funding

This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 20K09321.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan

    Toshihiro Yamamura, Kaoru Tamura, Motoki Inaji, Juri Kiyokawa, Shoko Hara, Yoji Tanaka, Tadashi Nariai, Kazuhide Shimizu & Taketoshi Maehara

  2. Department of Human Pathology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan

    Daisuke Kobayashi & Yuka Toyama

  3. Research Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-Ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan

    Motoki Inaji, Shoko Hara, Tadashi Nariai & Kenji Ishii

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Hiroaki Wakimoto

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Contributions

The study concept and design were conceived by Toshihiro Yamamura, Kaoru Tamura, Daisuke Kobayashi, Motoki Inaji, Hiroaki Wakimoto and Taketoshi Maehara. Material preparation and data collection were performed by Toshihiro Yamamura, Kaoru Tamura, Daisuke Kobayashi, Motoki Inaji, Yuka Toyama, Juri Kiyokawa, Shoko Hara, Yoji Tanaka, Tadashi Nariai, Kazuhide Shimizu, Kenji Ishii, and Taketoshi Maehara. Analysis was performed by Toshihiro Yamamura, Kaoru Tamura, Daisuke Kobayashi, Motoki Inaji, Hiroaki Wakimoto, Juri Kiyokawa, Shoko Hara, Yoji Tanaka, Tadashi Nariai, Kazuhide Shimizu, and Taketoshi Maehara. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Toshihiro Yamamura and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kaoru Tamura.

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The study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the University Hospital of Tokyo Medical and Dental University in Tokyo, Japan (Protocol #M2000-1307).

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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11060_2024_4661_MOESM1_ESM.jpg

Supplementary file1. Supplementary Fig.1 Chromosome 9 ideogram with an enlarged view of the 9q21 region showing the proximity of CDKN2A and MTAP in the genome (JPG 218 KB)

Supplementary file2 (JPG 508 KB)

Supplementary file3 (JPG 800 KB)

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Yamamura, T., Tamura, K., Kobayashi, D. et al. Loss of methylthioadenosine phosphorylase immunoreactivity correlates with poor prognosis and elevated uptake of 11C-methionine in IDH-mutant astrocytoma. J Neurooncol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-024-04661-y

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