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A Haplotype Network Approach to Reconstruct the Phylogeny of Rosa L. (Rosaceae)

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Abstract

We used a plastid ndhC-trnV intergenic spacer to reconstruct the genealogy of haplotypes and phylogenetic relationships of major taxonomic groups of the genus Rosa. We analyzed the data using the statistical parsimony, maximum likelihood, and NeighborNet approaches. According to our results, the majority of species may be subdivided into three groups roughly corresponding to the taxonomic sections Pimpinellifoliae, Rosa (former Cinnamomeae) and Synstylae + Chinenses + Gallicanae + Caninae. We assess their relationships as broadly paraphyletic, since the first group appears to be ancestral to the second and the third. The fourth group distanced from these three by many mutational steps consists of R. persica (subgenus Hulthemia) sequences. We argue that R. persica together with the North American R. minutifolia and R. stellata (section Minutifoliae) probably represent the only remnants of an ancient group of roses widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere in the Oligocene. Two major lineages of the section Caninae arose independently from different ancestors belonging to Synstylae.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to the following colleagues who helped with collecting samples in the wild from various locations: K. Tojibaev (Botanical Institute, Uzbekistan), G. Šramko (Debrezen University, Hungary), E.A. Chubar (Natural Science Center for Marine Biology, Russia), Y.K. Vinogradova (Tsitsin Main Biological Garden, Russia), V. Herklotz (Senckenberg Natural History Museum, Germany), V.M. Ostapko (Donetzk Biological Garden, DPR), A.A. Kagalo (Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians, Ukraine), I. Bartish (Institute of Botany, Czech Republic), M.G. Pimenov (Moscow State University, Russia), A. Elkordy (Sohag University, Egypt), and curators of the Herbaria MHA, LE, KW, B, BP, and DE for permissions to destructive sampling of specimens. We thank K. Chamberlain (United Kingdom) for his useful linguistic corrections of the text and I.V. Belyaeva (Kew Gardens, United Kingdom) for her comments and suggestions for the manuscript.

Funding

This study was supported by the Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, State Assignment no. 122042700002-6, and grants nos. 16-04-01390 and 19-04-01308 from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research. The authors are also grateful to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for financial support of the Common Facilities Center “Herbarium of the Main Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences,” grant no. 075-15-2021-678.

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  1. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276, Moscow, Russia

    I. A. Schanzer & A. V. Fedorova

  2. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Moscow, Russia

    I. G. Meschersky

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  1. I. A. Schanzer
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Schanzer, I.A., Fedorova, A.V. & Meschersky, I.G. A Haplotype Network Approach to Reconstruct the Phylogeny of Rosa L. (Rosaceae). Biol Bull Russ Acad Sci 51, 331–345 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S106235902360469X

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