Abstract
In this paper, we continue the research in Li et al. (J Differ Equ 371:353–395, 2023) and study the linear and global stability of a class of reaction-diffusion systems with general degenerate diffusion. The establishment of these systems is based on the acid-mediated invasion hypothesis, which is a candidate explanation for the Warburg effect. Our theoretical results characterize the effects of acid resistance and mutual competition between healthy cells and tumor cells on local and long-term tumor development, i.e., whether the healthy cells and tumor cells coexist or the tumor cells prevail after tumor invasion. We first consider the linear stability of the steady states and give a complete characterization by transforming the linearized analysis into an algebraic problem. In discussing global stability, the main difficulty of this model arises from density-limited diffusion terms, which can lead to degeneracy in the parabolic equations. We find that the method established in Li et al. (J Differ Equ 371:353–395, 2023) works well to overcome the degenerate problem. This method combines the Lyapunov functionals and upper/lower solutions, and it can be applied to a broader range of reaction-diffusion systems even if the diffusion terms degenerate and have very poor properties.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amann, H.: Dynamic theory of quasilinear parabolic equations. II. Reaction-diffusion systems. Differ. Integral Equ. 3(1), 13–75 (1990)
Amann, H.: Nonhomogeneous linear and quasilinear elliptic and parabolic boundary value problems. Funct. Spac. Differ. Oper. Nonlinear Anal. 133, 9–126 (1993)
Bai, X., Li, F.: Classification of global dynamics of competition models with nonlocal dispersals I: symmetric kernels. Calc. Var. Partial. Differ. Equ. 57, 1–35 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-018-1419-6
Fasano, A., Herrero, M.A., Rodrigo, M.R.: Slow and fast invasion waves in a model of acid-mediated tumour growth. Math. Biosci. 220(1), 45–56 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mbs.2009.04.001
Gatenby, R.A.: The potential role of transformation-induced metabolic changes in tumor-host interaction. Can. Res. 55(18), 4151–4156 (1995)
Gatenby, R.A., Gawlinski, E.T.: A reaction-diffusion model of cancer invasion. Can. Res. 56(24), 5745–5753 (1996)
Gatenby, R.A., Gillies, R.J.: Why do cancers have high aerobic glycolysis? Nat. Rev. Cancer 4(11), 891–899 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1038/nrc1478
Gatenby, R.A., Gawlinski, E.T., Gmitro, A.F., Kaylor, B., Gillies, R.J.: Acid-mediated tumor invasion: a multidisciplinary study. Can. Res. 66(10), 5216–5223 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4193
Iida, M., Muramatsu, T., Ninomiya, H., Yanagida, E.: Diffusion-induced extinction of a superior species in a competition system. Jpn. J. Ind. Appl. Math. 15, 233–252 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03167402
Li, F., Yao, Z.-A., Yu, R.: Global stability of a PDE-ODE model for acid-mediated tumor invasion. J. Differ. Equ. 371, 353–395 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2023.06.037
Li, M.Y., Wang, L.: A criterion for stability of matrices. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 225(1), 249–264 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1006/jmaa.1998.6020
Martin, N.K., Gaffney, E.A., Gatenby, R.A., Maini, P.K.: Tumour-stromal interactions in acid-mediated invasion: a mathematical model. J. Theor. Biol. 267(3), 461–470 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2010.08.028
McGillen, J.B., Gaffney, E.A., Martin, N.K., Maini, P.K.: A general reaction-diffusion model of acidity in cancer invasion. J. Math. Biol. 68, 1199–1224 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00285-013-0665-7
Murray, J.D.: Mathematical Biology: II: Spatial Models and Biomedical Applications. Springer, New York (2003)
Park, H., Lyons, J., Ohtsubo, T., Song, C.: Acidic environment causes apoptosis by increasing caspase activity. Br. J. Cancer 80(12), 1892–1897 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6690617
Shi, J., Wang, X.: On global bifurcation for quasilinear elliptic systems on bounded domains. J. Differ. Equ. 246(7), 2788–2812 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2008.09.009
Tao, Y., Tello, J.I.: Nonlinear stability of a heterogeneous state in a PDE-ODE model for acid-mediated tumor invasion. Math. Biosci. Eng. 13(1), 193–207 (2016). https://doi.org/10.3934/mbe.2016.13.193
Tello, J.I., Wrzosek, D.: Inter-species competition and chemorepulsion. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 459(2), 1233–1250 (2018)
Williams, A., Collard, T., Paraskeva, C.: An acidic environment leads to p53 dependent induction of apoptosis in human adenoma and carcinoma cell lines: implications for clonal selection during colorectal carcinogenesis. Oncogene 18(21), 3199–3204 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1202660
Wind, F., Warburg, O.: The Metabolism of Tumors: Investigations from the kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Biology, p. 282. Constable & Co. Ltd, Berlin-Dahlem (1930)
Acknowledgements
The first author is supported by NSF of China (Nos. 12371213, 12126609) and R &D project of Pazhou Lab (Huangpu) (No. 2023K0601). The second author is supported by the National Key R &D Program of China (No. 2020YFA0712500), NSF of China (No. 12126609), R &D project of Pazhou Lab (Huangpu) (No. 2023K0601) and Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (No. CJGJZD20210408091403008).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Li, F., Yao, Za. & Yu, R. A general degenerate reaction-diffusion model for acid-mediated tumor invasion. Z. Angew. Math. Phys. 75, 75 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00033-024-02220-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00033-024-02220-z