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Homogeneity Adjustment of Surface Temperature Data and Study of the Climate Variability Over Coastal Odisha by a Climate Departure Index

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Abstract

In the recent years, extreme temperature i.e. cold in winter and warm in summer has been observed in the coastal Odisha state in the east part of India. Hydro-meteorological disasters such as floods, droughts, heat waves and cold spells being experienced nowadays are unprecedented in living memory. In this work the climate variability over the coastal Odisha region is quantified considering the temperature parameter. A climate departure index (CDI) of three versions (simple, absolute and least-square) are calculated using monthly, annually and seasonally maximum, minimum as well as mean temperature form seven stations in the costal Odisha for the period 1969 to 2018 for assessing the degree of normal/unusual/extreme of a particular year in compared to the long-term average for the specific coast under consideration. Temperature time series data for the period 1969 to 2018 are homogenized by using the relative comparison between station observations and composite reference series by calculating CDI. Results indicates that CDI values of least-square on all cases are comparatively greater than simple and absolute CDIs. Least-square method is the appropriate method for determining the category of a year or a month or a season in terms of the temperature variation. Analysis based on mean temperature infers that only twenty extreme seasons are observed in monsoon season while three normal are observed during the month of October i.e., in post-monsoon season over the coastal Odisha. The relationship of climatic event including El Nino or La Nina feature of a particular year with respect to CDI is also investigated. The climatic variability is very high on some of the years based on analysis of index values of annual average of the temperatures (maximum, minimum and mean) over a region.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the President of Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University for providing the necessary support in terms of library facility, technical support and other infrastructures to carry out this research work. We also acknowledge the support of IMD for providing data from NDC, Pune and also to open source data website www.ogimet.com. The authors are thankful to Mrs Debiarchana Das for typing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Siksha O Anusandhan (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, India

    Bishnupada Sethi, Sarat Chandra Sahu, Manas Kumar Mallick, Amrutanshu Panigrahi & Satish Kumar Samal

  2. CSIR Fourth Paradigm Institute, Bangalore, India

    Krushna Chandra Gouda

  3. Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar, India

    Bishnupada Sethi

  4. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, UP, India

    Krushna Chandra Gouda

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  1. Bishnupada Sethi
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  5. Amrutanshu Panigrahi
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Contributions

Bishnupada Sethi—Conceptualisation, Data collection, Formal analysis and Manuscript writing. Krushna Chandra Gouda—Conceptualisation, Methodology, Manuscript writing, reviewing, editing and Supervision. Sarat Chandra Sahu—Conceptualisation, Methodology, Formal analysis, Manuscript writing, reviewing, editing and Supervision. Manas Kumar Mallick—Manuscript reviewing and proof reading. Amrutanshu Panigrahi—Analysis and manuscript drafting. Satish Kumar Samal—Data collection and formal analysis.

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Correspondence to Sarat Chandra Sahu.

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Sethi, B., Gouda, K.C., Sahu, S.C. et al. Homogeneity Adjustment of Surface Temperature Data and Study of the Climate Variability Over Coastal Odisha by a Climate Departure Index. Pure Appl. Geophys. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-024-03465-5

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