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Natural and low-cost sorbents as part of the solution for biogas upgrading: A review

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Abstract  

The availability of pollutants in biogas especially carbon dioxide hinders its application in the enginery parts by minimizing its calorific standards. The presence of CO2 contributes to global warming which is a worry globally. Thus, upgrading technologies is needed for safe utilization on small-scale and wide-range. The commercial technologies mostly discussed in the literature are pressure swing adsorption, membrane separation, physical scrubbing, and water scrubbing. These techniques are costly concerning investment, and operation costs, and are energy-intensive, especially on a small scale. Thus, difficult to apply especially in low-income economies, and necessitates the development of natural, low-cost sorbents for biogas upgrading like biomass, eggshell waste, and clay soil. The current review critically evaluates the potentiality of new approaches using low-cost sorbents for biogas upgrading. The review proposed that activating and additional of pore-forming materials in the adsorbents is necessary to significantly enhance their performance.

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Fig. 1
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Adapted from [35]

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the Mobility for Innovative Renewable Energy Technologies (MIRET) [grant number 614658-1-2018-1-KE-PANAF-MOBAF] for funding the research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clean Energy Technologies Research Group, School of Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Sciences (MEWES), Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania

    Register Mrosso

  2. Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Renewable Energy, Nanomaterials, and Water Research Group, Moi University, P.O. Box 3900, Eldoret, Kenya

    Achisa C. Mecha

  3. Department of Mechanical, Production &Energy Engineering, Moi University, P.O.Box 3900, Eldoret, Kenya

    Joseph Kiplagat

  4. Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

    Achisa C. Mecha

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  1. Register Mrosso
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  2. Achisa C. Mecha
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Contributions

Register Mrosso: Validation, Visualization, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing, data curation. Achisa C Mecha: Conceptualization, Visualization, Supervision, review & editing. Joseph Kiplagat: Conceptualization, Visualization, Supervision, review & editing.

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Correspondence to Achisa C. Mecha.

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Mrosso, R., Mecha, A.C. & Kiplagat, J. Natural and low-cost sorbents as part of the solution for biogas upgrading: A review. Adsorption (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10450-024-00464-9

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