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Ultra-small carbon quantum dots via Hibiscus Sabdariffa for pyridoxine sensing applications

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Abstract

This study proposes an alternative for producing carbon quantum dots through green synthesis using Hibiscus sabdariffa as a carbon source. The synthesis methodology incorporates mesoporous zeolite 4A as a refractory material during thermal treatment and as a sieve for particle size selection. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed a narrow size distribution of approximately 1.2 nm, aligning with the α-cage diameter of zeolite 4A. Additionally, the CQDs were evaluated as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates on a pyridoxine molecule (C8H11NO3), which showed an enhancement of the pyridinic ring breathing mode at approximately 1000 cm−1. Furthermore, employing density functional theory (DFT), several carbon structures were theoretically used to represent the CQD–pyridoxine interaction. Based on the molecular descriptor behavior, the charge transfer effects between both systems were studied to determine the elements responsible for the SERS effect associated with the chemical enhancement mechanism. This comprehensive approach provides insight into the structural and optical properties of the synthesized CQDs, with significant implications for their potential application in different areas, particularly in SERS.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The computational resources for this investigation were provided by UNISON/ACARUS. The author M. Cortez-Valadez appreciates support from the “Investigadores por México” program.

Funding

This work was supported by Basic Science Project A1-S-46242 of the CONAHCYT.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Apdo. Postal 5-88, 83190, Hermosillo, Sonora, México

    J. D. Amador-Martínez, R. Britto Hurtado & M. Flores-Acosta

  2. Department of Physics and Mathematics, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, 32310, Cd. Juárez, México

    P. G. Mani-Gonzalez

  3. Universidad Estatal de Sonora, Rosales No. 189 Col. Centro, 83100, Hermosillo, México

    G. Calderón-Ayala & N. S. Flores-López

  4. Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, México

    A. Navarro-Badilla

  5. Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Fuente de Poseidón y Prol. Ángel Flores S/N., 81223, Los Mochis, Sinaloa, México

    J. E. Leal-Pérez

  6. Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S.C. (CIMAV), Chihuahua, 31136, México

    C. Leyva-Porras

  7. CONAHCYT-Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Apdo. Postal 5-88, 83190, Hermosillo, Sonora, México

    M. Cortez-Valadez

Authors
  1. J. D. Amador-Martínez
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  2. P. G. Mani-Gonzalez
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  3. G. Calderón-Ayala
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  5. J. E. Leal-Pérez
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  6. C. Leyva-Porras
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  7. N. S. Flores-López
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  8. R. Britto Hurtado
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  9. M. Flores-Acosta
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  10. M. Cortez-Valadez
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Contributions

JDAM was contributed to data curation, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft. PGM-G was contributed to conceptualization and validation. GC-A was contributed to visualization, connectivity, and supercomputer setup. AN-B was contributed to optical characterization and validation. JEL‑P was contributed to Raman spectroscopy characterization and validation. CL-P was contributed to TEM analysis. RBH was contributed to vibrational spectroscopy characterization and validation. NSF-L was contributed to vibrational spectroscopy and visualization. MF-A was contributed to project administration, funding acquisition, visualization. MC-V was contributed to resources, funding acquisition, supervision, validation, visualization, review and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Cortez-Valadez.

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Amador-Martínez, J.D., Mani-Gonzalez, P.G., Calderón-Ayala, G. et al. Ultra-small carbon quantum dots via Hibiscus Sabdariffa for pyridoxine sensing applications. Chem. Pap. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-024-03444-z

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