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Grafted barley husk/poly (vinyl alcohol)/starch composite films: effect of fatty acid chain length and grafted barley husk loading

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Abstract

The effect of incorporation of barley husk (BH) grafted with different fatty acids (lauric acid: LBH; palmitic acid: PBH; arachidic acid: ABH) on the physicochemical properties of cross-linked PVA/starch based composite films was studied at different loadings (0.2–2)%. Surface morphology of the films showed that grafted BH dispersed well within the matrix as compared to BH enabling them to provide the greatest reinforcing effect. Composite films containing grafted BH showed higher tensile strength, water resistant properties, thermal stability as well as barrier properties compared to composite films containing BH. At optimum loading (1%), tensile strength of the composite film, containing ABH, was 22.9 MPa, and 23.5% and 31.6% higher than films containing LBH (17.4 MPa) and PBH (18.54 MPa), respectively. Composite films prepared with ABH exhibited the highest values of water contact angle, water vapor, and oxygen permeability among all composite films owing to the incorporation of longest hydrophobic aliphatic chain and provides more hindrance for transmission. The activation energy values of thermal degradation for composite film directly indicate their thermal stability were calculated as 203.37, 222.62 and 366.52 kJ at 1% loading of LBH, PBH, and ABH, respectively. Thus, composite film containing ABH at 1% showed maximum improvement in physicochemical properties followed by composite films containing 1% PBH and LBH. This study provides the alternatives for choosing the most effective composite film, which can be a nature-friendly substitute for non-degradable packaging films and it may help to maintain the circular economy.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Govt. of India for rendering fellowship, NIT Jalandhar and Vellore Institute of Technology for their financial and infrastructural support for carrying out the present work.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India

    Aanchal Mittal

  2. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, 144011, Punjab, India

    Sangeeta Garg & Shailendra Bajpai

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  1. Aanchal Mittal
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  2. Sangeeta Garg
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  3. Shailendra Bajpai
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Dr. Aanchal Mittal, Dr. Sangeeta Garg, and Dr. Shailendra Bajpai; methodology: Aanchal Mittal; formal analysis and investigation: Aanchal Mittal; writing—original draft preparation: Aanchal Mittal; writing—review and editing: Dr. Sangeeta Garg; supervision: Dr. Sangeeta Garg and Dr. Shailendra Bajpai.

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Correspondence to Aanchal Mittal.

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Mittal, A., Garg, S. & Bajpai, S. Grafted barley husk/poly (vinyl alcohol)/starch composite films: effect of fatty acid chain length and grafted barley husk loading. Iran Polym J (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-024-01311-y

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