A Novel Approach of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Acrylic Acid Based Hydrogels for Controlled Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium

Title:A Novel Approach of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Acrylic Acid Based Hydrogels for Controlled Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium

Volume: 25

Author(s): Muhammad Suhail*, Syed Faisal Badshah, I-Hui Chiu, Arif Ullah, Arshad Khan, Hamid Ullah, Noorah Saleh Al-Sowayan, Ming-Jun Tsai and Pao-Chu Wu*

Affiliation:

• School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
• Institute of Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China

• School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
• Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
• Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan

Keywords: Drug delivery systems, hydrogels, swelling, porosity, and drug release studies.

Abstract: Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to prepare polyvinyl alcohol/acrylic acid (PVA/AA) hydrogels for the controlled release of diclofenac sodium and to develop PVA/AA hydrogels as controlled release carriers to overcome not only the side effects of diclofenac sodium but also sustain its release for an extended period.

Background: Diclofenac sodium is employed for relieving pain and fever. The half-life of diclofenac sodium is very short (1-2 h). Hence, multiple intakes of diclofenac sodium are required to maintain a constant pharmacological action. Multiple GI adverse effects are produced as a result of diclofenac sodium intake.

Method: A free radical polymerization technique was used for crosslinking PVA with AA in the presence of APS. EGDMA was used as a cross-linker. FTIR and XRD confirmed the preparation and loading of the drug by prepared hydrogels. An increase in the thermal stability of PVA was shown by TGA and DSC analysis. Surface morphology was investigated by SEM. Similarly, water penetration and drug loading were demonstrated by porosity and drug loading studies. The pH-sensitive nature of PVA/AA hydrogels was investigated at different pH values by swelling and drug release studies.

Results: The development and drug loading of PVA/AA hydrogels were confirmed by FTIR and XRD analysis. TGA and DSC indicated high thermal stability of prepared hydrogels as compared to unreacted PVA. SEM indicated a hard and compact network of developed hydrogels. The swelling and drug release studies indicated maximum swelling and drug release at high pH as compared to low pH values, indicating the pH-sensitive nature of prepared hydrogels. Moreover, we demonstrated that drug release was sustained for a prolonged time in a controlled pattern by prepared hydrogels by comparing the drug release of the developed hydrogels with the commercial product Cataflam.

Conclusion: The results indicated that prepared PVA/AA hydrogels can be used as an alternative approach for the controlled delivery of diclofenac sodium.

Cite this article as:

Suhail Muhammad*, Badshah Syed Faisal, Chiu I-Hui, Ullah Arif, Khan Arshad, Ullah Hamid, Al-Sowayan Noorah Saleh, Tsai Ming-Jun and Wu Pao-Chu*, A Novel Approach of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Acrylic Acid Based Hydrogels for Controlled Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2024; 25 () . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0113892010296120240327055943