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Adsorption of anionic dye onto homoionic montmorillonite: effect of the exchangeable cation on the adsorption

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the adsorption of anionic dye represented by Congo red (CR) using adsorbents prepared starting from Wyoming montmorillonite (Mt). The first group of adsorbents named homoionic montmorillonite (HMt) was obtained using Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and K+, while the second group called modified montmorillonite (Mt-CTA) was acquired after intercalation of cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA+) into HMt. The obtained XRD results analysis revealed that Mt-K-2CEC gave a maximal d001 value of 19.07 Å due to a relatively high amount of CTA+ cations in the interlayer spaces of Mt-K. From BET measurements, total pore volume, average pore size, and the BET surface area decreased with the increase in CTA+ loading on montmorillonite from 1 to 2CEC, except for Mt-Ca. On the other hand, adsorption kinetics data showed accordance with the pseudo-second-order equation, and the adsorption isotherm was in good agreement with the Langmuir model. Up to 274.48 and 258.46 mg g−1 of the dissolved CR were adsorbed by Mt-Mg and Mt-Na-2CEC, respectively. Finally, as shown in the FTIR spectra and SEM analyses, the adsorption of organo-clays was explained as a chemical adsorption process between the groups –N=N– and –SO3 of CR and CTA+. Hence, the use of these adsorbent materials to remove CR dye is highly beneficial due to their abundance and low cost.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physico-Chemistry of Materials and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Informatics, University of Djelfa, PO Box 3117, 17000, Djelfa, Algeria

    Ali Harouache, Mohamed Kharroubi & Mohammed Chennana

  2. College of Sciences, University Amar Telidji of Laghouat, Bp 37 G, Ghardaia Road, 03000, Laghouat, Algeria

    Ali Harouache

  3. Laboratoire de Physique des Matériaux, Université Amar Télidji de Laghouat, BP 37G, 03000, Laghouat, Algeria

    Ibn Khaldoun Lefkaier

  4. Material Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, University of Biskra, 07000, Biskra, Algeria

    Chouaieb Zaouche

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  1. Ali Harouache
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Harouache, A., Kharroubi, M., Lefkaier, I.K. et al. Adsorption of anionic dye onto homoionic montmorillonite: effect of the exchangeable cation on the adsorption. J IRAN CHEM SOC 21, 1423–1438 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-024-03009-7

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