Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

First Find of an Ichthyosaur from Udmurtia (Cis-Ural Region, Russia)

  • Published:
Paleontological Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A dorsal vertebra of an ichthyosaur is described from the fluvial deposits of the Kama River (Votkinsk District, Udmurt Republic, Russia). This vertebra belonged to a fairly large ichthyosaur about 5–6 m long, apparently one of the largest ichthyosaurs known from European Russia. The find is redeposited, and it is problematic to establish its exact age: most likely, the vertebra was brought by the Kama River from Jurassic–Cretaceous outcrops located upstream.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Andreicheva, L.N., Marchenko-Vagapova, T.I., Buravskaya, M.N., and Golubeva, Yu.V., Prirodnaya sreda neopleistotsena i golotsena na Evropeiskom Severo-Vostoke Rossii (Environment of Neopleistocene and Holocene at European North-East of Russia), Moscow: GEOS, 2015.

  2. Atlas litologo-paleogeograficheskikh kart Russkoi platformy i ee geosinklinal’nogo obramleniya. Chast’ II. Mezozoi i kainozoi. Masshtab 1 : 5 000 000 (The 1 : 5 000 000 Atlas of Lithological-Paleogeographic Maps of Russian Platform and Its Geosynclinal Frame. Pt. II. Mesozoic and Cenozoic), Moscow–Leningrad: GNTI Liter. Geol. Okhrane Nedr, 1961.

  3. Atlas Udmurtskoi respubliki (Atlas of the Udmurt Republic), Moscow–Izhevsk: Izd. Feoriya, 2016.

  4. Blom, G.I., Dreisin, A.G., Kamysheva-Elpat’evskaya, V.G., and Eventov, Ya.S., Jurassic System, in Geologiya SSSR. Povolzh’e i Prikam’e. T. 11. Ch. 1 (Geology of the USSR. Volga and Kama Regions, Vol. 11, Part 1), Moscow: Gosgeoltekhizdat, 1967, pp. 462–521.

  5. Bulanov, V.V., Kovalenko, E.S, MacDougall, M.J., et al., Tooth replacement and reparative dentine formation in the middle Permian bolosaurids of European Russia, Hist. Biol., 2022, vol. 14, pp. 748–761. https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2022.2067752

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Butakov, G.P., Pleistotsenovyi periglyatsial na vostoke Russkoi ravniny (Pleistocene Periglacial Period in the Eastern Part of the Russian Plain), Kazan: Kazan. Gos. Univ., 1986.

  7. Dedkov, A.P. and Sturman, V.I., The Kirsa paleovalley and the drainage network transformation in the upper reaches of the Vyatka and Kama rivers, Geomorfologiya, 1992, no. 2, pp. 49–54.

  8. Geografiya Udmurtii: prirodnye usloviya i resursy. Ch. 1 (Geography of Udmurtia: Natural Conditions and Resources. Pt. 1), Izhevsk: Udmurt State Univ., 2009.

  9. Geologicheskie pamyatniki Permskogo kraya: Entsiklopediya (Geological Monuments of the Perm Region. Encyclopedia), Perm: Gorn. Inst. UrO RAN, 2009.

  10. Geologicheskoe nasledie Respubliki Komi (Rossiya) (Geological Heritage of the Republic of Komi (Russia)), Syktyvkar: Inst. Geol. Komi NTs UrO RAN, 2008 [in Russian].

  11. Geologiya SSSR. Arkhangel’skaya, Vologodskaya oblasti i Komi ASSR. T. 2. Ch. I (Geology of the USSR. Arkhangelsk and Vologda Oblasts, Komi ASSR, Vol. 2, Pt. 1), Moscow: Gosgeoltekhizdat, 1963.

  12. Gimranov, E.M., Otchet o rezul’tatakh pereotsenki bloka S2-2 Volkovskogo mestorozhdeniya peschano-graviynoy smesi v Votkinskom rayone UR, vypolnennoy Udmurtskoy GRE v 1995-2001 (The Reassessment Report of the S2-2 Block of the Volkovskoe Sand-and-Gravel Deposit (the Votkinsk District of the Udmurt Republic, Carried out by the Udmurt Geological Survey Expedition in 1995–2001).

  13. Goretsky, G.I., Allyuvii velikikh antropogenovykh prarek Russkoi ravniny. Prareki Kamskogo basseina (Alluvium of the Great Anthropogenic Pra-Rivers of the Russian Plain. Pra-Rivers of the Kama Basin), Moscow: Nauka, 1964.

  14. Gosudarstvennaya geologicheskaya karta Rossiiskoi Federatsii (novaya seriya). List O-(38),39 (Kirov). Karta dochetvertichnykh otlozhenii (The 1 : 1 000 000 State Geological Map of the Russian Federation (New Ser.). Sheets O-(38),39 (Kirov). Map of pre-Quaternary Deposits), St. Petersburg: Vseross. Nauchno-Issled. Geol. Inst., 1999.

  15. Illarionov, A.G., The formation history of the Kama erosion system, Vestn. Udmurt. Univ. Nauki Zemle, 2006, no. 11, pp. 103–118.

  16. Illarionov, A.G., The stages of formation of the recent Kama River network, in Drevnie i sovremennye doliny i reki: istoriya formirovaniya, erozionnnye i ruslovye protsessy: Mezhvuz. sb. nauch. statei (“Ancient and Modern River Valleys: History of Formation, Erosion and Channel Processes.” Trans. Interuniv. Coll. Sci. Works), Volgograd: Izd. VGPU “Peremena,” 2010, pp. 32–50.

  17. Krasnov, I.I., Quaternary deposits and geomorphology of the Kama–Pechora–Vychegda watershed and adjacent territories, in Materialy po geomorfologii Urala (Materials on the Geomorphology of the Urals), Moscow–Leningrad: Izd. Min. Geol. SSSR, 1948, pp. 47–88.

  18. Lapteva, E.G., Zaretskaya, N.E., Lychagina, E.L., et al., Holocene vegetation dynamics, river valley evolution and human settlement of the upper Kama valley, Ural region, Russia, Veg. Hist. Archaeobotany, 2023, vol. 32, pp. 361–385.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Lavrov, A.S. and Potapenko, L.M., Neopleistotsen severo-vostoka Russkoi ravniny (Neopleistocene of the North-East of the Russian Plain), Moscow: Aerogeologiya, 2005.

  20. Mangerud, J., Jacobsson, M., Alexanderson, H., Astakhov, V., Clarke, G.C.K., Henriksen, M., Hjort, C., Krinnerm, G., Lunkkja, J.-P., Moller, P., Murray, A., Nikolskaya, O., Saarnisto, M., Svendsen, J.I., Ice-dammed lakes and rerouting of the drainage of northern Eurasia during the Last Glaciation, Quat. Sci. Rev., 2004, vol. 23, pp. 1313–1332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Nazarov, N.N. and Kopytov, S.V., Stages of river network formation of the Upper Kama River basin in the Pleistocene, Uch. Zap. Kazan. Univ. Ser. Estestv. Nauki, 2020, vol. 162, Book 1, pp. 180–200.

  22. Sidorchuk, A., Panin, A., and Borisova, O., Morphology of river channels and surface runoff in the Volga River basin (East European Plain) during the Late Glacial period, Geomorphology, 2009, vol. 113, pp. 137–157.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Sofronitsky, P.A. and Ozhgibesov, V.P., Mezhdunarodnyi kongress “Permskaya sistema Zemnogo shara”. Putevoditel’ geol. ekskursii. Chast’ 3. Permskaya geologicheskaya sistema Permskogo Priural’ya (International Congress “The Permian System of the Globe.” Guidebook of Geological Excursions. Pt. 3. Permian Geological System of the Permian Cis-Urals), Sverdlovsk: Poligrafist, 1991.

  24. Vereshchagin, V.A., Butakov, G.P., and Arzamastsev, A.A., The petrographic studies of boulders and glaciation boundaries in the Vyatka–Kama Region, Vestn. Udmurt. Univ., 1993, no. 3, pp. 73–82.

  25. Zverkov, N.G. and Efimov, V.M., Revision of Undorosaurus, a mysterious Late Jurassic ichthyosaur of the Boreal Realm, J. Syst. Palaeontol., 2019, vol. 17, no. 14, pp. 1183–1213. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2018.1515793

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Zverkov, N.G. and Prilepskaya, N.E., A prevalence of Arthropterygius (Ichthyosauria: Ophthalmosauridae) in the Late Jurassic–earliest Cretaceous of the Boreal Realm, PeerJ, 2019, no 7, e6799. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6799

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to A.G. Menshikov and M.N. Zagumenov (Udmurt State University) for help in processing the material, S.V. Kopytov (Perm State National Research University), A.G. Illarionov (Udmurt State University) for reviewing, which allow us to make a vast improvement to the manuscript, and V.V. Silantiev, R.Kh. Sungatullin, S.O. Zorina (Kazan Federal University) for valuable comments during the preparation of the paper, as well as E.S. Kazantseva (Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences) for the definition of the coral.

Funding

This work was performed within the framework of a state assignment of Kazan Federal University (KFU) (project no. FZSM-2023-0023) and Udmurt State University (UdSU) (project no. FEWS-2024-0011).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117647, Moscow, Russia

    A. S. Bakaev

  2. Kazan Federal University, 420008, Kazan, Russia

    A. S. Bakaev

  3. Udmurt State University, 426034, Izhevsk, Russia

    A. S. Bakaev & A. V. Sergeev

  4. Samarkand State University named after Sharaf Rashidov, 140104, Samarkand, Uzbekistan

    A. S. Bakaev

  5. Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017, Moscow, Russia

    N. G. Zverkov

Authors
  1. A. S. Bakaev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. V. Sergeev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. N. G. Zverkov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. S. Bakaev.

Ethics declarations

ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE

This work does not contain any studies involving human or animal subjects.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The author of this work declares that has no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Translated by D. Voroshchuk

Publisher’s Note.

Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bakaev, A.S., Sergeev, A.V. & Zverkov, N.G. First Find of an Ichthyosaur from Udmurtia (Cis-Ural Region, Russia). Paleontol. J. 58, 226–231 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030123600245

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030123600245

Keywords:

Search

Navigation