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Reservoir computing for a MEMS mirror-based laser beam control on FPGA

  • Special Section: Regular Paper
  • The Fourteenth Japan-Finland Joint Symposium on Optics in Engineering (OIE’23), Hamamatsu, Japan
  • Published:
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Abstract

In this paper, a small-world network-based reservoir computing (SWN-RC) is introduced to a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) mirror-based laser scanner to achieve high-accuracy and low-delay laser trajectory control. The benefits of SWN-RC are confirmed through a comprehensive simulation, comparing it with reservoir computing (RC) based on regular and random networks. Subsequently, the RC control module is designed and implemented on a cost-optimized field-programmable gate array (FPGA). To balance the resource consumption and the processing delay, we use a half-parallel architecture for the large-scale matrix multiplications. In addition, the weight matrices of the RC are expressed by the 12-bit fixed-point data, which sufficiently suppresses the quantization noise. Furthermore, we simplify the activation function as a piecewise linear function and store the values in the read-only memory (ROM), resulting in a 76.6% reduction in ROM utilization. Finally, the SWN-RC, regular-RC, and random-RC control modules are implemented on the FPGA board and experimentally tested in the MEMS mirror-based laser scanner system. To the authors’ knowledge, it is the first reported RC-based MEMS mirror control system implemented on FPGA. In addition, the PID control is also tested as a baseline experiment. The results indicate that the RC control greatly outperforms the PID control with a 57.18% reduction in delay and over a 58.83% reduction in root mean square error (RMSE). Among the RC controls, the SWN-RC exhibits the best performance than the others. The SWN-RC achieves a further 14.03% and 12.42% reduction in RMSE compared to regular-RC and random-RC, respectively.

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This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310058, China

    Yuan Wang

  2. Hamamatsu Photonics K. K., 5000, Hirakuchi, Hamakita-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 434-8601, Japan

    Keisuke Uchida, Munenori Takumi, Katsuhiro Ishii & Ken-ichi Kitayama

  3. The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, 1955-1, Kurematsu-cho, Hishi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, 431-1202, Japan

    Katsuhiro Ishii

  4. National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1, Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8795, Japan

    Ken-ichi Kitayama

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  1. Yuan Wang
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  2. Keisuke Uchida
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  4. Katsuhiro Ishii
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Correspondence to Yuan Wang.

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Wang, Y., Uchida, K., Takumi, M. et al. Reservoir computing for a MEMS mirror-based laser beam control on FPGA. Opt Rev 31, 247–257 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-024-00871-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-024-00871-x

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