Abstract
Current knowledge of the microbiota of soda pans of the Carpathian Basin focuses mainly on diatoms. In studying six soda pans in Vojvodina (Serbia), we aimed to gain deeper insights into the diatom community by using not only traditional microscopic analysis but also high-throughput sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene. In addition, this study aimed to evaluate bacterial communities in these soda pans for the first time using the 16S rRNA gene marker. Although similar numbers of diatom taxa were found using both approaches, a significant discrepancy in species composition was found. The genus Nitzschia was one of the most represented and numerous genera according to the morphological and molecular analyses, but with lower diversity according to the molecular data, with the sequences mostly unassigned. Another major discrepancy was noticed with taxon Halamphora veneta, the results of metabarcoding showed high abundance in almost all soda pans, while microscopy detected it as very low. Diverse communities of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were detected in the studied soda pans, such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteria, Bacillaceae, and Peptoclostridium. According to current knowledge, harsh environmental conditions and habitat homogeneity regulate diatom and bacteria community composition and enable the survival of taxa with predominantly high ecophysiological plasticity. Finally, uncovering the structure of the microbial community as the first phase in developing an efficient tool to assess the ecological status of these fragile ecosystems is an essential step towards their conservation.
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Data Availability
The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Grants No. 451-03-47/2023-01/200026, No. 451-03-47/2023-01/20002, No. 451-03-47/2023-01/200178). DV would like to thank the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for its financial support.
Funding
This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Grants No. 451-03-47/2023-01/200026, No. 451-03-47/2023-01/20002, No. 451-03-47/2023-01/200178) and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.
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All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Fieldwork were done by Danjela Vidaković, Bojan Gavrilović, and Miloš Ćirić. Diatom macroscopic analysis and identification by Danjela Vidaković and Jelena Krizmanić. Diatom molecular analyses by Danjela Vidaković and Ivica Dimkić. Bacterial molecular analyses by Ivica Dimkić and Tamara Janakiev. Data analysis and results summary by Danjela Vidaković, Tamara Janakiev, Bojan Gavrilović and Miloš Ćirić. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Vidaković, D., Dimkić, I., Krizmanić, J. et al. Diatom and Bacterial Communities in Saline Habitats (Vojvodina, Serbia). Wetlands 44, 55 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-024-01809-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-024-01809-4