Abstract

This paper examines the effects of structural-textural characteristics of sulfide minerals on their leaching from polymetallic concentrates with sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide solutions. The polymetallic concentrate was obtained by flotation of polymetallic ore from the Rudnik deposit in Serbia. X-ray diffraction (XRD), qualitative and quantitative mineralogical, scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX), and chemical analyses were used to characterize the polymetallic concentrate and leach residue. The polymetallic concentrate contained chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite, pyrrhotite, and quartz. The total content of sulfide minerals was 69.5%, and the occurrence of free sulfide mineral grains was about 60.9%. The comprehensive thermodynamic analysis was done by HSC Chemistry^® package 9.9.2.3 to determine optimal experimental leaching conditions. Chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and pyrrhotite oxidized during leaching, and dissolution occurred. The oxidized galena remains in the solid residual as insoluble anglesite. Also, elemental sulfur and unleached minerals of copper, zinc, and iron were found in the leach residues. It was found that the structural assembly of sulfide minerals in the leach residue is very favorable and that undissolved sulfide grains are primarily present in free form. Accordingly, there was no reason to reduce the leaching rate with time. The presence of elemental sulfur and anglesite formed in the leaching process and precipitated on the surface of mineral grains was confirmed by XRD, quantitative and qualitative mineralogical analysis, and SEM/EDX.

中文翻译：

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硫酸和过氧化氢溶液浸出多金属精矿中硫化物矿物结构-织构性质的改性

摘要

本文研究了硫化物矿物的结构-结构特征对其用硫酸和过氧化氢溶液从多金属精矿中浸出的影响。多金属精矿是通过浮选塞尔维亚 Rudnik 矿床的多金属矿石获得的。X 射线衍射 (XRD)、定性和定量矿物学、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM/EDX) 和化学分析用于表征多金属精矿和浸出残渣。多金属精矿含有黄铜矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、磁黄铁矿和石英。硫化物矿物总含量为69.5%，游离硫化物矿物颗粒的赋存率约为60.9%。综合热力学分析由 HSC Chemistry ^®完成包 9.9.2.3 以确定最佳实验浸出条件。黄铜矿、闪锌矿和磁黄铁矿在浸出过程中被氧化，发生溶解。氧化的方铅矿作为不溶的角铁矿留在固体残余物中。此外，在浸出残渣中还发现了元素硫和未浸出的铜、锌和铁矿物。发现浸出残渣中硫化物矿物的结构组装非常有利，未溶解的硫化物颗粒主要以游离形式存在。因此，没有理由随时间降低浸出率。通过 XRD、定量和定性矿物学分析以及 SEM/EDX 证实了在浸出过程中形成并沉淀在矿物颗粒表面的元素硫和角石的存在。