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Impact of tillage cum crop establishment methods and nutrient management strategies on wet rice (Oryza sativa L): crop productivity, water footprint, soil health and profitability in typic Ustochrept soils under semi-arid sub-tropical environment
Paddy and Water Environment ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-12-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s10333-022-00919-1
Mandapelli Sharath Chandra , R. K. Naresh , Rajan Bhatt , Manisha , Papita H. Gourkhede , Rahul Kumar , Praveen V. Kadam , Sandeep Gawdiya

The current research was conducted in 2019 and 2020 during rainy (Kharif) seasons to determine various tillage-based crop establishment methods and nutrient management strategies that could be implemented to reduce different field inputs viz. water and nutrients for enhancing water footprint, soil health, productivity and profitability of rice (Oryza Sativa L) in Typic Ustochrept soils under semi-arid sub-tropical environment. The conventional puddled transplanted rice (CT–TPR) was recorded significantly higher grain yield (4043 and 4129 kg ha−1) and straw yield (6271 and 6379 kg ha−1) than wide bed transplanted rice (WBed–TPR) treatments. The improvement in the grain yield was about 4.39% and 4.03% under CT–TPR than WBed–TPR during 2019 and 2020. The highest total water footprint (TWFP) was observed under CT–TPR, whereas WBed–TPR (0.44 kgm−3) yielded the greatest water productivity (WPIRRI), respectively. The highest net profit, B: C ratio and soil health indicators, i.e., particulate organic carbon (POC), total organic carbon (TOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in soil, were also recorded maximum in WBed–TPR than CT–TPR respectively. Among the nutrient management practices, with the applications of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), farm yard manure (FYM), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), Azatobactor and zinc worked synergistically and increased grain yields by 53.4, 51.3, 47.9 and 46.2% over their respective control. The improved soil health status, i.e., POC, TOC and MBC in soil, was highest with (N9) organics practices @ FYM (30 t ha−1) + PSB (5 kg ha−1) + Azotobacter 20 kg ha−1 + ZnSO4 25 kg ha−1. The highest TWFP was observed with N1 (control) and N2 (100% RDF + ZnSO4 25 kg ha−1), while lowest was found in N9 (organic practices), respectively. Results also indicated that highest net profit, gross income and B: C ratio were recorded in 100% RDF + ZnSO4 25 kg ha−1 + FYM (5 t ha−1) + PSB (5 kg ha−1) + Azotobacter 20 kg ha−1 (N7), respectively.



中文翻译:

耕作和作物建立方法和养分管理策略对湿稻(Oryza sativa L)的影响:半干旱亚热带环境下典型 Ustochrept 土壤的作物生产力、水足迹、土壤健康和盈利能力

目前的研究是在 2019 年和 2020 年的雨季 ( Kharif ) 期间进行的,以确定可以实施的各种基于耕作的作物种植方法和养分管理策略,以减少不同的田间投入,即。半干旱亚热带环境下典型 Ustochrept土壤中水稻( Oryza Sativa L)的水足迹、土壤健康、生产力和盈利能力。传统水稻移栽稻米 (CT–TPR) 的谷物产量(4043 和 4129 kg ha -1)和秸秆产量(6271 和 6379 kg ha -1) 比宽床移栽水稻 (WBed–TPR) 处理。在 2019 年和 2020 年期间,CT-TPR 下的谷物产量比 WBed-TPR 提高了约 4.39% 和 4.03%。在 CT-TPR 下观察到最高的总水足迹 (TWFP),而 WBed-TPR (0.44 kgm -3 ) 分别产生了最大的水生产力 (WP IRRI )。净利润最高,B:C比和土壤健康指标,.、土壤中的颗粒有机碳(POC)、总有机碳(TOC)和微生物生物量碳(MBC)也分别在 WBed-TPR 中比 CT-TPR 中记录到最大值。在养分管理措施中,推荐施肥量(RDF)、农家肥(FYM)、溶磷菌(PSB)、氮杂菌和锌协同作用,使粮食增产53.4%、51.3%、47.9%和46.2%超过他们各自的控制权。改善的土壤健康状况,即土壤中的 POC、TOC 和 MBC,在 (N 9 ) 有机物实践中最高 @ FYM (30 t ha -1 ) + PSB (5 kg ha -1 ) + Azotobacter 20 kg ha -1  + ZnSO 4 25 千克公顷-1. 在 N 1(对照)和 N 2(100% RDF + ZnSO 4 25 kg ha -1 )中观察到最高的 TWFP ,而在 N 9(有机实践)中分别发现最低。结果还表明,100% RDF + ZnSO 4 25 kg ha −1  + FYM (5 t ha −1 ) + PSB (5 kg ha −1 ) + Azotobacter 20的净利润、总收入和 B: C 比率最高kg ha -1 (N 7 ),分别。

更新日期:2022-12-20
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