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Building spatio-temporal knowledge graphs from vectorized topographic historical maps
Semantic Web ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2023-04-05 , DOI: 10.3233/sw-222918
Basel Shbita 1 , Craig A. Knoblock 1 , Weiwei Duan 2 , Yao-Yi Chiang 2 , Johannes H. Uhl 3 , Stefan Leyk 3
Affiliation  

Abstract

Historical maps provide rich information for researchers in many areas, including the social and natural sciences. These maps contain detailed documentation of a wide variety of natural and human-made features and their changes over time, such as changes in transportation networks or the decline of wetlands or forest areas. Analyzing changes over time in such maps can be labor-intensive for a scientist, even after the geographic features have been digitized and converted to a vector format. Knowledge Graphs (KGs) are the appropriate representations to store and link such data and support semantic and temporal querying to facilitate change analysis. KGs combine expressivity, interoperability, and standardization in the Semantic Web stack, thus providing a strong foundation for querying and analysis. In this paper, we present an automatic approach to convert vector geographic features extracted from multiple historical maps into contextualized spatio-temporal KGs. The resulting graphs can be easily queried and visualized to understand the changes in different regions over time. We evaluate our technique on railroad networks and wetland areas extracted from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) historical topographic maps for several regions over multiple map sheets and editions. We also demonstrate how the automatically constructed linked data (i.e., KGs) enable effective querying and visualization of changes over different points in time.



中文翻译:

从矢量化地形历史地图构建时空知识图谱

摘要

历史地图为许多领域的研究人员提供了丰富的信息,包括社会科学和自然科学。这些地图详细记录了各种自然和人造特征及其随时间的变化,例如交通网络的变化或湿地或森林面积的减少。分析此类地图随时间的变化对科学家来说可能是一项劳动密集型工作,即使在地理特征已被数字化并转换为矢量格式之后也是如此。知识图 (KG) 是存储和链接此类数据的适当表示,并支持语义和时间查询以促进变化分析。KG 在语义 Web 堆栈中结合了表达性、互操作性和标准化,从而为查询和分析提供了坚实的基础。在本文中,我们提出了一种自动方法,将从多个历史地图中提取的矢量地理特征转换为上下文化的时空知识图谱。生成的图表可以很容易地查询和可视化,以了解不同地区随时间的变化。我们评估了从美国地质调查局 (USGS) 历史地形图中提取的铁路网络和湿地区域的技术,这些地图涉及多个地图图纸和版本。我们还演示了自动构建的关联数据(即知识图谱)如何实现对不同时间点变化的有效查询和可视化。生成的图表可以很容易地查询和可视化,以了解不同地区随时间的变化。我们评估了从美国地质调查局 (USGS) 历史地形图中提取的铁路网络和湿地区域的技术,这些地图涉及多个地图图纸和版本。我们还演示了自动构建的关联数据(即知识图谱)如何实现对不同时间点变化的有效查询和可视化。生成的图表可以很容易地查询和可视化,以了解不同地区随时间的变化。我们评估了从美国地质调查局 (USGS) 历史地形图中提取的铁路网络和湿地区域的技术,这些地图涉及多个地图图纸和版本。我们还演示了自动构建的关联数据(即知识图谱)如何实现对不同时间点变化的有效查询和可视化。

更新日期:2023-04-08
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