Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) is one of the commercially important cultivated nut tree species in Turkey. Pistachio nuts have many beneficial properties to human health and are widely used in the food industry. Cultivar breeding programs in pistachio take a long time, huge labor, high cost, and large land areas due to the alternate bearing and the long juvenile period of pistachio. Molecular breeding approaches are widely used to shorten long-term breeding programs in pistachio. In this study, we aimed to (i) construct the first SNP-based high-density genetic linkage maps using an interspecific F1 population derived from a cross between P. vera cv. ‘Ohadi’ and P. atlantica cv. ‘Pa-18’ (‘Ohadi × Pa-18’), and (ii) perform QTL analysis in leaf, shoot, and inflorescence traits in pistachio. To obtain the SNP markers, the DArT-Seq™ genotyping-by-sequencing method was used. A total of 1407 SNPs were mapped in the ‘Ohadi’ female, whereas the ‘Pa-18’ male map consisted of a total of 2518 SNP markers. The total length of the ‘Ohadi’ map was 1122.2 cm with an average length of 74.8 cM, while the ‘Pa-18’ map was 1307.2 cM in length with an average length of 87.1 cM. The marker density was 1.2 and 1.9 markers per cM in ‘Ohadi’ and ‘Pa-18’ linkage maps, respectively. The ‘Ohadi’ map had an average of 93.8 markers per linkage group (LG), while the ‘Pa-18’ map had an average of 167.9 markers per linkage group. A total of four significant QTLs that are related to terminal leaflet base, leaf width, tree vigor, and inflorescence rachis length were detected in three linkage groups in the ‘Ohadi’ genetic linkage map. While the detected QTLs can be used for marker-assisted breeding and genetic studies, the generated SNP-based genetic linkage maps in this study will be used for QTL analysis of other important agronomic traits in pistachio.

阿月浑子 ( Pistacia vera L.) 是土耳其重要的商业栽培坚果树种之一。开心果对人类健康具有许多有益的特性，广泛应用于食品工业。由于开心果的轮生期和幼期长，开心果品种选育周期长、劳动力大、成本高、土地面积大。分子育种方法被广泛用于缩短开心果的长期育种计划。在本研究中，我们的目标是 (i) 使用源自P. vera cv. 和 P. vera cv. 之间杂交的种间 F1 群体构建第一个基于 SNP 的高密度遗传连锁图谱。'Ohadi' 和P. atlantica简历。'Pa-18'（'Ohadi × Pa-18'），以及 (ii) 对开心果的叶、芽和花序性状进行 QTL 分析。为了获得 SNP 标记，使用了 DArT-Seq™ 测序基因分型方法。在“Ohadi”雌性中总共定位了 1407 个 SNP，而“Pa-18”雄性图谱总共包含 2518 个 SNP 标记。“Ohadi”图的总长度为1122.2厘米，平均长度为74.8厘米，而“Pa-18”图的总长度为1307.2厘米，平均长度为87.1厘米。在“Ohadi”和“Pa-18”连锁图中，标记密度分别为每厘米 1.2 个和 1.9 个标记。“Ohadi”图谱每个连锁群 (LG) 平均有 93.8 个标记，而“Pa-18”图谱每个连锁群平均有 167.9 个标记。共有4个显着QTL，与终叶基数、叶宽、树势、在“Ohadi”遗传连锁图谱中的三个连锁群中检测到花序轴长度。虽然检测到的QTL可用于标记辅助育种和遗传研究，但本研究中生成的基于SNP的遗传连锁图谱将用于开心果其他重要农艺性状的QTL分析。