Cytogenetic studies of Pinus sylvestris seed progeny have been carried out for the first time in the Murmansk region of Russia. Seeds were collected in the territory of 6 district forestries: Zelenoborsky, Kovdorsky, Kandalakshsky, Zasheikovsky, Umbsky and Nickelsky, which were at different distances from large copper-nickel plants. Analysis revealed higher S, Cu, and Ni content in Pinus sylvestris tree seeds from the Zasheikovsky and Nickelsky district forestries. Seeds from the Zelenoborsky district forestry had a higher Cu content (13.6 ± 0.5 mg/kg) compared to other areas. It was found that the frequency of mitotic pathologies in all areas of the study exceeded the level of spontaneous mutation in 5%. The most frequent aberrant cells were registered in the root meristem of seedlings from the Zasheikovsky district forestry, and their proportion averaged 9.4 ± 1.3% of the total number of cells studied at the metaphase and ana-telophase of mitosis stages. In Pinus sylvestris seedlings, micronuclei were noted in the cells at the interphase stage, often varying on average from 0.2 ± 0.1% in plants from the Kandalakshsky district forestry to 0.9 ± 0.3% from the Zasheikovsky district forestry. The data obtained testify to the colossal impact of heavy metals on the living organism cell genetic apparatus. The negative effect from industries, as sources of air pollutants, extends over tens of kilometers. Therefore, regularly monitoring the cytogenetic parameters of bioindicators such as Pinus sylvestris is necessary.

俄罗斯摩尔曼斯克地区首次对樟子松种子后代进行细胞遗传学研究。种子是在泽列诺博尔斯基、科夫多尔斯基、坎达拉克什基、扎舍科夫斯基、乌姆布斯基和尼克尔斯基这 6 个区林业场采集的，这些林场与大型铜镍工厂的距离不同。分析显示，来自扎谢科夫斯基和尼克尔斯基地区林业的樟子松种子中的硫、铜和镍含量较高。与其他地区相比，泽列诺博尔斯基地区林业的种子具有更高的铜含量（13.6 ± 0.5 毫克/千克）。结果发现，研究所有领域的有丝分裂病理的频率超过了自发突变水平的 5%。最常见的异常细胞出现在扎谢科夫斯基地区林业幼苗的根分生组织中，其比例平均占有丝分裂中期和末期研究细胞总数的 9.4 ± 1.3%。在樟子松幼苗中，在间期阶段的细胞中发现了微核，平均变化范围通常为坎达拉克什斯基地区林业植物的 0.2 ± 0.1% 和扎谢科夫斯基地区林业植物的 0.9 ± 0.3%。获得的数据证明重金属对活体细胞遗传装置的巨大影响。工业作为空气污染物的来源，其负面影响绵延数十公里。因此，定期监测樟子松等生物指标的细胞遗传学参数是必要的。