Abstract

The review describes the creation and development of the scientific school of Sergei Vasilyevich Vallander at the Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) State University. We discuss the achievements of the scientific school in the development of methods of the kinetic theory of gases for the simulation of nonequilibrium flows, the construction of rigorous self-consistent mathematical models of varying complexity for strong and weak deviations from equilibrium, and the application of the developed models in solving modern problems of aerodynamics. Particular attention is paid to the study of nonequilibrium kinetics and transport processes in carbon dioxide, identifying the key relaxation mechanisms of polyatomic molecules, the development of physically reasonable reduced hybrid models, and the optimization of numerical simulation of flows using modern machine-learning methods. We discuss the problems of correctly accounting for electronic excitation in modeling the kinetics and transport processes, models of equilibrium gas flows with multiple ionization, and the peculiarities of simulating bulk viscosity in polyatomic gases.

中文翻译：

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圣彼得堡国立大学非平衡空气力学科学学院

摘要

该评论描述了列宁格勒（现圣彼得堡）国立大学谢尔盖·瓦西里耶维奇·瓦兰德科学学院的创建和发展。我们讨论了科学学派在开发用于模拟非平衡流动的气体动力学理论方法、针对强和弱偏离平衡的不同复杂度的严格自洽数学模型的构建以及应用方面所取得的成就。解决现代空气动力学问题的开发模型。特别关注二氧化碳的非平衡动力学和传输过程的研究，确定多原子分子的关键弛豫机制，开发物理上合理的简化混合模型，以及使用现代机器学习方法优化流动数值模拟。我们讨论了在动力学和输运过程建模中正确考虑电子激发的问题、多重电离的平衡气流模型以及模拟多原子气体体积粘度的特性。