Protein phosphorylation plays an important role in cellular pathways, including cell cycle regulation, metabolism, differentiation and survival. The protein kinase superfamily network consists of 518 members involved in intrinsic or extrinsic interaction processes. Protein kinases are divided into two categories based on their ability to phosphorylate tyrosine, serine, and threonine residues. The complexity of the system implies its vulnerability. Any changes in the pathways of protein kinases may be implicated in pathological processes. Therefore, they are regarded as having an important role in human diseases and represent prospective therapeutic targets. This article provides a review of the protein kinase inhibitors approved by the FDA. Finally, we summarize the mechanism of action of protein kinases, including their role in the development and progression of protein kinase-related roles in various pathological conditions and the future therapeutic potential of protein kinase inhibitors, along with links to protein kinase databases. Further clinical studies aimed at examining the sequence of protein kinase inhibitor availability would better utilize current protein kinase inhibitors in diseases. Additionally, this review may help researchers and biochemists find new potent and selective protein kinase inhibitors and provide more indications for using existing drugs.

蛋白质磷酸化在细胞途径中发挥重要作用，包括细胞周期调节、代谢、分化和存活。蛋白激酶超家族网络由参与内在或外在相互作用过程的 518 个成员组成。蛋白激酶根据其磷酸化酪氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸残基的能力分为两类。系统的复杂性意味着其脆弱性。蛋白激酶途径的任何变化都可能与病理过程有关。因此，它们被认为在人类疾病中具有重要作用并代表了潜在的治疗靶点。本文对 FDA 批准的蛋白激酶抑制剂进行了综述。最后，我们总结了蛋白激酶的作用机制，包括它们在各种病理条件下蛋白激酶相关作用的发生和进展中的作用以及蛋白激酶抑制剂的未来治疗潜力，以及蛋白激酶数据库的链接。旨在检查蛋白激酶抑制剂可用性序列的进一步临床研究将更好地利用当前的蛋白激酶抑制剂治疗疾病。此外，这项综述可能有助于研究人员和生物化学家找到新的有效和选择性蛋白激酶抑制剂，并为使用现有药物提供更多适应症。