Histone lactylation on its lysine (K) residues has been reported to have indispensable roles in lung fibrosis, embryogenesis, neural development, inflammation, and tumors. However, little is known about the lactylation activity towards histone lysine residue during tooth development. We investigated the dynamic patterns of lactate-derived histone lysine lactylation (Kla) using a pan-Kla antibody during murine tooth development, including lower first molar and lower incisor. The results showed that pan-Kla exhibited temporo-spatial patterns in both dental epithelium and mesenchyme cells during development. Notably, pan-Kla was identified in primary enamel knot (PEK), stratum intermedium (SI), stellate reticulum (SR), dental follicle cells, odontoblasts, ameloblasts, proliferating cells in dental mesenchyme, as well as osteoblasts around the tooth germ. More importantly, pan-Kla was also identified to be co-localized with neurofilament during tooth development, suggesting histone lysine lactylation may be involved in neural invasion during tooth development. These findings suggest that histone lysine lactylation may play important roles in regulating tooth development.

据报道，组蛋白赖氨酸 (K) 残基上的乳酰化在肺纤维化、胚胎发生、神经发育、炎症和肿瘤中具有不可或缺的作用。然而，人们对牙齿发育过程中组蛋白赖氨酸残基的乳酰化活性知之甚少。我们使用泛 Kla 抗体研究了小鼠牙齿发育过程中乳酸衍生的组蛋白赖氨酸乳酰化 (Kla) 的动态模式，包括下第一磨牙和下切牙。结果表明，pan-Kla 在发育过程中在牙上皮和间充质细胞中均表现出时空模式。值得注意的是，pan-Kla 在初级牙釉质结 (PEK)、中间层 (SI)、星状网 (SR)、牙囊细胞、成牙本质细胞、成釉细胞、牙间充质中的增殖细胞以及牙胚周围的成骨细胞中被鉴定。更重要的是，pan-Kla 还被发现在牙齿发育过程中与神经丝共定位，这表明组蛋白赖氨酸乳酰化可能参与牙齿发育过程中的神经侵袭。这些发现表明组蛋白赖氨酸乳酰化可能在调节牙齿发育中发挥重要作用。