Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, chronic lung disease characterized by abnormal proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), inflammatory damage, and disrupted alveolar structure. Despite its increasing morbidity and mortality rates, effective clinical treatments for IPF remain elusive. Osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional ECM protein found in various tissues, has been implicated in numerous biological processes such as bone remodeling, innate immunity, acute and chronic inflammation, and cancer. Recent studies have highlighted the pivotal role of OPN in the pathogenesis of IPF. This review aims to delve into the involvement of OPN in the inflammatory response, ECM deposition, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) during IPF, and intends to lay a solid theoretical groundwork for the development of therapeutic strategies for IPF.

特发性肺纤维化（IPF）是一种进行性慢性肺部疾病，其特征是成纤维细胞异常增殖和活化、细胞外基质（ECM）过度积累、炎症损伤和肺泡结构破坏。尽管 IPF 的发病率和死亡率不断增加，但有效的临床治疗方法仍然难以实现。骨桥蛋白 (OPN) 是一种在多种组织中发现的多功能 ECM 蛋白，与骨重塑、先天免疫、急性和慢性炎症以及癌症等多种生物过程有关。最近的研究强调了 OPN 在 IPF 发病机制中的关键作用。本综述旨在深入探讨OPN在IPF过程中炎症反应、ECM沉积和上皮间质转化（EMT）中的作用，旨在为IPF治疗策略的制定奠定坚实的理论基础。