Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is an evolving computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. With time, it illustrates a great extent of its capabilities to be considered a practical numerical tool for modeling fluid flow in porous media. It is a free mesh particle-based method benefiting from a Lagrangian nature. This feature makes it a suitable candidate for treating the fluid flow within complex geometries on a mesoscale. A sequential approach is used in the various modifications of SPH. Thereby, the preparation time of models in SPH will be less than those made by using grid-based models. This method offers attractive privileges for dealing with moving boundaries and acquiring the time history of the field variables. In this paper, the basic concepts behind SPH are first introduced. Subsequently, the various discretization approaches and considerations for SPH are reviewed. Its application in the presence of solid boundaries and multiphase contacts is then discussed. Following that, the implementation of inflow/outflow boundaries and miscibility conditions are explored. The considerations for thermal effects and its application in porous media are also presented. The techniques for simulating different fluid types and shortcomings within SPH are eventually described. It is shown that SPH has a significant potential for modeling the fluid behavior on mesoscale although it is computationally expensive. The approximation of second- and higher-order derivatives by using SPH could become erroneous. The stability and consistency of SPH vary from one case to another. It implies that each problem requires a particular modification of SPH. There is still no unified version of SPH.

平滑粒子流体动力学 (SPH) 是一种不断发展的计算流体动力学 (CFD) 方法。随着时间的推移，它在很大程度上说明了其作为多孔介质中流体流动建模的实用数值工具的能力。它是一种基于自由网格粒子的方法，受益于拉格朗日性质。这一特性使其成为处理介观尺度复杂几何形状内流体流动的合适候选者。SPH 的各种修改均采用顺序方法。因此，SPH 中模型的准备时间将少于使用基于网格的模型的准备时间。该方法为处理移动边界和获取场变量的时间历史提供了有吸引力的特权。本文首先介绍了SPH背后的基本概念。随后，回顾了 SPH 的各种离散化方法和注意事项。然后讨论了它在存在固体边界和多相接触的情况下的应用。接下来，探讨了流入/流出边界和混溶条件的实施。还介绍了热效应的考虑因素及其在多孔介质中的应用。最终描述了 SPH 中模拟不同流体类型的技术和缺点。结果表明，SPH 在模拟介尺度流体行为方面具有巨大潜力，尽管其计算成本较高。使用 SPH 逼近二阶和高阶导数可能会出错。SPH 的稳定性和一致性因情况而异。这意味着每个问题都需要对 SPH 进行特定的修改。SPH目前还没有统一的版本。