In the current study, one of the outstanding facile and simple protocols is proposed for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using NaBH4 as a reducing agent and p-tetranitrocalix[4]arene (p-TNC4) as a capping agent. According to our knowledge, no such technique is available in the literature for colorimetric detection of cyclophosphamide (CPA) using CuNPs at the trace level. The well-organized synthesis was confirmed via advanced spectroscopic techniques. The crystallite size, shape, phase purity, and morphological characteristics were determined via XRD, AFM, FT-IR, and UV-visible spectroscopy. At the optimal conditions for CPA detection, the sensor reveals an excellent sensitivity, selectivity, as well as stability with LOD and LOQ 20 nM and 60 nM, respectively. However, the proposed sensor showed excellent potential and selectivity for the sensing of colorimetric detection of CPA that can be effectively applied to real blood serum samples. The proposed approach is better suited as compared to reported protocols in terms of handling, simplicity, economic, energy consumption, reproducibility, and excellent performance in a very short time.

中文翻译：

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一种基于对四硝基杯[4]芳烃封端的铜纳米颗粒的高选择性传感器，用于环磷酰胺的比色和裸眼检测。

在当前的研究中，提出了一种出色的简便简单的方案，用于使用NaBH4作为还原剂和对四硝基杯[4]芳烃（p-TNC4）作为封端剂来合成铜纳米颗粒（CuNP）。据我们所知，文献中没有这样的技术可用于使用痕量 CuNP 进行环磷酰胺 (CPA) 的比色检测。通过先进的光谱技术证实了组织良好的合成。通过 XRD、AFM、FT-IR 和紫外可见光谱测定微晶尺寸、形状、相纯度和形态特征。在 CPA 检测的最佳条件下，该传感器具有出色的灵敏度、选择性和稳定性，LOD 和 LOQ 分别为 20 nM 和 60 nM。然而，所提出的传感器在 CPA 比色检测传感方面表现出优异的潜力和选择性，可有效应用于实际血清样品。与已报道的方案相比，所提出的方法在处理、简单性、经济性、能耗、再现性和极短时间内的优异性能方面更适合。