Trait correlates of empathic responses to dynamic stimuli were examined in this study by combining an experimental paradigm to assess state empathy with measures of trait empathy and five-factor model traits. Undergraduate students (N = 533; 80% women) were shown a set of film clips selected to elicit empathy (i.e., individuals in distress), general negative affect, and neutral emotions; and they reported on their emotional state at baseline and following each film clip. Results showed support for the specific elicitation of empathy from the clips and the unique role of trait cognitive empathy, even above five-factor model personality traits, in explaining empathic responses to the clips. This research expands upon the limited literature on individual differences in emotional empathic responses.

本研究通过将评估状态同理心的实验范式与特征同理心测量和五因素模型特征相结合，检查了对动态刺激的共情反应的特征相关性。本科生（N = 533；80% 为女性）观看了一组精选的电影片段，旨在引发同理心（即处于困境中的个体）、一般负面情绪和中性情绪；他们报告了基线和每个电影剪辑后的情绪状态。结果显示，支持从剪辑中具体引发同理心，以及认知同理心特质（甚至高于五因素模型人格特质）在解释对剪辑的同理心反应方面的独特作用。这项研究扩展了有关情绪移情反应个体差异的有限文献。