This work is an investigation of the assemblages of supergene minerals occurring in hydrothermal REE–U–Au quartz-vein mineralisation at the Prakovce-Zimná Voda site, Slovakia. Heterogeneous uranyl arsenates and minor phosphates of the autunite group (nováčekite, kahlerite, threadgoldite, autunite, arsenuranospathite and chistyakovaite) together with scorodite and Sb–Bi-rich philipsbornite–segnitite-series minerals formed by oxidising fluids during decomposition and leaching of primary hypogene uraninite, brannerite and base-metal sulfides and sulfosalts. A progressive change of pH from acidic to near-neutral due to the gradual consumption of sulfides resulted in the formation of late phosphuranylite, pharmacosiderite and arseniosiderite. Goethite and other Fe oxides represent the latest hydrous ferric mineral phases and were formed after most of the As was already fixed in Fe arsenates. Antimony and Bi were taken up only into philipsbornite–segnitite and suggest unusual conditions during this process. X-ray absorption spectroscopy indicates that Sb in the philipsbornite–segnitite is fully oxidised (0.1–0.4 apfu Sb5+, octahedral coordination on the G site). Pentavalent Sb together with the presence of ferric oxides and arsenates and uranyl minerals suggest oxidative conditions during weathering. This study also indicates that hydrous ferric arsenates are dominant and stable secondary minerals in a supergene environment in a quartz vein rich in Fe and As accompanied by elevated concentrations of U, Pb, Sb, Bi, S, P, Ca and Ba under oxidising conditions.

这项工作是对斯洛伐克 Prakovce-Zimná Voda 遗址热液 REE-U-Au 石英脉矿化中出现的表生矿物组合的研究。非均质铀酰砷酸盐和磷铜矿族的次要磷酸盐（新辉石、白铁矿、丝金矿、金铀矿、砷磷磷矿和硅磷灰石）以及臭葱石和富锑铋矿-辉长石系列矿物，这些矿物是在原生深生铀矿分解和浸出过程中由氧化流体形成的、镁锰矿和贱金属硫化物和硫盐。由于硫化物的逐渐消耗，pH 值逐渐从酸性变为接近中性，导致形成晚期磷铁矿、药菱铁矿和砷铁矿。针铁矿和其他铁氧化物代表了最新的水合铁矿物相，并且是在大部分砷已经固定在砷酸铁中之后形成的。锑和铋仅被吸收到飞辉石-辉辉石中，表明在此过程中存在不寻常的条件。 X射线吸收光谱表明，飞利浦辉石-红辉石中的Sb已完全氧化（0.1-0.4 apfu Sb 5+，G位上的八面体配位）。五价锑与氧化铁、砷酸盐和铀酰矿物质的存在一起表明风化过程中存在氧化条件。这项研究还表明，在氧化条件下，水合砷酸铁是富含 Fe 和 As 的石英脉表生环境中的主要且稳定的次生矿物，伴随着 U、Pb、Sb、Bi、S、P、Ca 和 Ba 浓度的升高。