Memory retrieval is strikingly susceptible to external states (environment) and internal states (mood states and alcohol), yet we know little about the underlying mechanisms. We examined how internally generated states influence successful memory retrieval using the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of laboratory mice during memory retrieval. Mice exhibited a strong tendency to perform memory retrieval correctly only in the reinstated mammillary body-inhibited state, in which mice were trained to discriminate auditory stimuli in go/no-go tasks. fMRI revealed that distinct auditory cues engaged differential brain regions, which were primed by internal state. Specifically, a cue associated with a reward activated the lateral amygdala, while a cue signaling no reward predominantly activated the postsubiculum. Modifying these internal states significantly altered the neural activity balance between these regions. Optogenetic inhibition of those regions in the precue period blocked the retrieval of type-specific memories. Our findings suggest that memory retrieval is under the control of two interrelated neural circuits underlying the neural basis of state-dependent memory retrieval.

中文翻译：

---

状态相关的记忆检索：来自神经动力学和行为角度的见解

记忆检索非常容易受到外部状态（环境）和内部状态（情绪状态和酒精）的影响，但我们对其潜在机制知之甚少。我们使用实验室小鼠在记忆检索过程中的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究了内部生成的状态如何影响成功的记忆检索。仅在恢复乳头体抑制状态时，小鼠才表现出正确执行记忆检索的强烈倾向，在这种状态下，小鼠被训练区分进行/不进行任务中的听觉刺激。功能磁共振成像显示，不同的听觉线索涉及不同的大脑区域，这些区域是由内部状态启动的。具体来说，与奖励相关的提示会激活外侧杏仁核，而表示没有奖励的提示则主要激活后枕骨。修改这些内部状态显着改变了这些区域之间的神经活动平衡。在前期对这些区域进行光遗传学抑制会阻碍类型特异性记忆的检索。我们的研究结果表明，记忆检索受到两个相互关联的神经回路的控制，这两个神经回路是状态依赖性记忆检索的神经基础。