Purpose of the Review

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a functional neuroimaging technique that records neurophysiology data with millisecond temporal resolution and localizes it with subcentimeter accuracy. Its capability to provide high resolution in both of these domains makes it a powerful tool both in basic neuroscience as well as clinical applications. In neurology, it has proven useful in its ability to record and localize epileptiform activity. Epilepsy workup typically begins with scalp electroencephalography (EEG), but in many situations, EEG-based localization of the epileptogenic zone is inadequate. The complementary sensitivity of MEG can be crucial in such cases, and MEG has been adopted at many centers as an important resource in building a surgical hypothesis. In this paper, we review recent work evaluating the extent of MEG influence of presurgical evaluations, novel analyses of MEG data employed in surgical workup, and new MEG instrumentation that will likely affect the field of clinical MEG.

Recent Findings

MEG consistently contributes to presurgical evaluation and these contributions often change the plan for epilepsy surgery. Extensive work has been done to develop new analytic methods for localizing the source of epileptiform activity with MEG. Systems using optically pumped magnetometry (OPM) have been successfully deployed to record and localize epileptiform activity.

Summary

MEG remains an important noninvasive tool for epilepsy presurgical evaluation. Continued improvements in analytic methodology will likely increase the diagnostic yield of the test. Novel instrumentation with OPM may contribute to this as well, and may increase accessibility of MEG by decreasing cost.

中文翻译：

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脑磁图用于癫痫术前评估

审查的目的

脑磁图 (MEG) 是一种功能性神经成像技术，能够以毫秒时间分辨率记录神经生理学数据，并以亚厘米精度对其进行定位。它在这两个领域提供高分辨率的能力使其成为基础神经科学和临床应用的强大工具。在神经病学中，它已被证明能够记录和定位癫痫样活动。癫痫检查通常从头皮脑电图 (EEG) 开始，但在许多情况下，基于脑电图的致痫区定位是不够的。在这种情况下，MEG 的互补敏感性至关重要，许多中心已采用 MEG 作为建立手术假设的重要资源。在本文中，我们回顾了最近评估 MEG 对术前评估影响程度的工作、对手术检查中使用的 MEG 数据的新分析，以及可能影响临床 MEG 领域的新 MEG 仪器。

最近的发现

MEG 始终有助于术前评估，这些贡献通常会改变癫痫手术的计划。人们已经开展了大量工作来开发新的分析方法，以利用 MEG 定位癫痫样活动的来源。使用光泵磁力测量 (OPM) 的系统已成功部署用于记录和定位癫痫样活动。

概括

MEG 仍然是癫痫术前评估的重要无创工具。分析方法的持续改进可能会提高测试的诊断率。采用 OPM 的新型仪器也可能对此做出贡献，并可能通过降低成本来提高 MEG 的可及性。